[Footnote 20: _Sichhervorarbeiten._ Our word "elaborate" is here insufficient. Hegel means the mode in which the Idea of art works itself free from entirely potential obscurity into a living force, a real _energeia._ We cannot say "emerges into daylight," however, because the highest grasp of symbolic art is still only a twilight. It is like the growth of the plant-germ, still underground, or partially so.] [Footnote 21: _Pracktischen._ Not matter-of-fact relation, but rather a relation that asserts itself exclusively in action.] [Footnote 22: _Als Grund_, that is, as a fundamental unity of the real.] [Footnote 23: _Die erste näher gestaltende Dollmetcherin_, lit., the first interpreter which supplies forms more nearly cognate with itself.] [Footnote 24: It is valid (_geltend_) because it introduces there its own spiritual nature.] [Footnote 25: The previous statement of Hegel must not be overlooked, however, and it may be considerably amplified, that there is much in romantic art which is related to symbolism and the sublime. Take the case of the celebrated sculpture of Michael Angelo typifying Night, Day, Dawn, and Twilight, or such modern pictures as those of Watts's "The Minotaur" and "The Spirit of Christianity."] [Footnote 26: Or rather "between those aspects of its import and form which are reciprocally homogeneous and those which are not."] [Footnote 27: This process of symbolic art.] [Footnote 28: _Hauptstufen._ The word signifies either the phase or grade of a process of development, or to take the metaphor used by Hegel above (_Stadien_) may perhaps be better translated by "stage," as though indicating the successive stages of a journey.] [Footnote 29: I think _Völkern_ rather than _Zeiten_ must be here understood, and the sense appears to be that the confusion indicated refers to a mingling of forms appropriate to a nation in one historical period with those that are more cognate with a people at any earlier or it may be later period. But unquestionably this attempt to identify a type as between different nations with historical periods that will harmonize with Hegel's own classification is a difficult matter as we may see by the fact that Egypt, the oldest example of all, represents the third stage. On the other hand, if the confusion referred to is applied to the particular development of any one people, the examples given by Hegel do not bear on the difficulty they illustrate.] [Footnote 30: Or rather "the import of the Absolute."] [Footnote 31: _Substantiality_, called below _die Substanz_; the word signifies the real essence of the Absolute.] [Footnote 32: The principal clause of this sentence has no end as printed. The auxiliary must be omitted either before _in diesem Dienste_ or _eine positive._ I prefer the first alternative.]