THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY; IN A COURSE OF LECTURES, DELIVERED AT VIENNA, BY FREDERICK VON SCHLEGEL. TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN, WITH A MEMOIR OF THE AUTHOR, BY JAMES BURTON ROBERTSON, ESQ. IN TWO VOLUMES. VOL. II. LONDON SAUNDERS AND OTLEY, CONDUIT STREET. MDCCCXXXV. B. BENSLEY, PRINTER. CONTENTS OF VOL. II. LECTURE X. On the Christian point of view in the Philosophy of History.--The origin of Christianity, considered in reference to the political world.--Decline of the Roman Empire. 1 LECTURE XI. Of the ancient Germans, and of the invasion of the Northern tribes.--The march of Nature in the historical development of Nations.--Further diffusion and internal consolidation of Christianity.--Great corruption of the world.--Rise of Mahometanism. 40 LECTURE XII. Sketch of Mahomet and his religion.--Establishment of the Saracenic Empire.--New organization of the European West, and Restoration of the Christian Empire. 78 LECTURE XIII. On the formation and consolidation of the Christian Government in modern times.--On the principle which led to the establishment of the old German Empire. 117 LECTURE XIV. On the struggles of the Guelfs and Ghibellines.--Spirit of the Ghibelline age.--Origin of romantic poetry and art.--Character of the scholastic science and the old jurisprudence.--Anarchical state of Western Europe. 152 LECTURE XV. General observations on the Philosophy of History. On the corrupt state of society in the fifteenth century.--Origin of Protestantism, and character of the times of the Reformation. 194 LECTURE XVI. Further development and extension of protestantism, in the period of the religious wars, and subsequently thereto.--On the different results of those wars in the principal European countries. 228 LECTURE XVII. Parallel between the religious peace of Germany and that of the other countries of Europe.--The political system of the Balance of Power, and the principle of false Illuminism prevalent in the eighteenth century. 268 LECTURE XVIII.