[61] "Pacidius Philalethi" in Louis Couturat, _Opuscules et Fragments inédits de Leibniz_, Paris, 1903, pp. 594-627, especially pp. 599, 601, 608, 611. Cf. [A. E. Taylor, Hastings' _Encyclopædia of Religion and Ethics_, vol. iv., Part 2, Edinburgh, 1912, p. 96.--ED.]; Robert Latta, _Leibniz: The Monadology and other Philosophical Writings_, Oxford, 1898, pp. 21 ff, 29 (note); Couturat, _La Logique de Leibniz d'après des documents inédits_, Paris, 1901, pp. 130, 132; and Russell, _Ph. L._, pp. 108-16, 243-9. [62] [It may be remarked that, according to _The Times_ of December 20, 1917, Mr. Justice Sargant, in the Chancery Division, also held that "the law did not recognize fractions of a day," and that Lord Blackburn, in his decision (9 _App. Cas._, 371, 373) that a man born on the thirteenth of May 1853 attained the age of twenty-one on the thirteenth of May 1874 "was not speaking strictly."--ED.] CHAPTER XXIII DENOTING A concept _denotes_ when, if it occurs in a proposition, the proposition is not about the concept, but _about_ a term connected in a certain peculiar way with the concept. Some people often assert that man is mortal, and yet we never see announced in _The Times_ that Man died on a certain day at his villa residence "Camelot" at Upper Tooting,[63] nor do we hear that Procrastination was again the butt of Mr. Plowden's jokes at Marylebone Police Court last week. That two phrases may have different _meanings_ and the same _denotation_ was discovered by Alice and Frege. Alice[64] observed that the road which led to Tweedledum's house was that which led to the house of Tweedledee; and Frege pointed out that the phrases "the house to which the road that leads to Tweedledum's house leads" and "the house to which the road that leads to Tweedledee's house leads" have different _Sinn_, but the same _Bedeutung_. FOOTNOTES: [63] Cf. _P. M._, pp. 53-4. [64] See Appendix M. CHAPTER XXIV THE The word "the" implies existence and uniqueness; it is a mistake to talk of "the son of So-and-So" if So-and-So has a fine family of ten sons.[65] People who refer to "the Oxford Movement" imply that Oxford only moved once; and those quaint people who say that "A is quite the gentleman" imply both the doubtful proposition that there is only one gentleman in the world, and the indubitably false proposition that he is that man. Probably A is one of those persons who add to the confusion in the use of the definite article by speaking of his wife as "the wife." In a certain Children's Hymn Book one reads: The river vast and small. Few would deny that there is not more than one such river, but unfortunately it is doubtful if there is such a river at all. The case is exactly the same with the ontological proof of the existence of the most perfect being.[66]