Recapitulating, then, all the phenomena, we have,--_Surface-trades_, blowing toward the center, passing through each other, and continuing on as upper or counter-trades; a _belt of rains_, with calms near the center, formed by the trades where they meet and pass through each other, which travels with them north and south following the sun; _two belts of drought_, following the belt of rains and the trades, and followed by the _extra_-tropical line of rains, as it travels with the trades and the rainy belt, leaving a part of the earth which the equatorial rainy belt does not travel far enough north, nor the extra-tropical line of rains far enough south to cover, and which is consequently a _rainless region_; _the monsoons_, which are but incidents of the rainy belt, and the _gathered volumes_ of counter-trade, on the west of the two great oceans, which usurp the place of the N. E. trades, carrying the rainy belt up to the region of extra-tropical rain, and preventing the rainless region from encircling the earth. Upon _what cause_ do these great central phenomena, so vast, so regular, so wonderful, depend? What is the _motive power_ of this connected atmospheric machinery, whose action and influence extend over the entire globe? "_Heat, heat_," say the text books, the Professors, the votaries of meteorology. "All these phenomena are owing to the heat of the sun. It heats the ocean and the earth--the air is thereby heated and rises, the cold air rushes in from below, then the ascended current rolls off each way at the top toward the pole, acquiring a westerly motion from the rotation of the earth, slipping away from under it, and a different, _viz._: an easterly motion, after reaching the latitude of 30 deg., from the _same rotation_; and all the winds and disturbances of the atmosphere are produced in the same way. They are produced by the action of heated surfaces upon the adjacent atmosphere." This is the great theory of meteorologists, by which they attempt to account for the various atmospherical disturbances, of both tropical and extra-tropical regions. The whole theory is a fallacy--it will not stand the test of a careful examination. The bases of the theory, which are assumed to be facts, are not so. The agent has not the power claimed for it. A heated surface, alone, never caused any considerable ascending current, or if it did, never produced a mile of wind. I repeat it, the theory and all incidental ones--the thousand explanatory and modifying theories, and hypotheses--_the whole system_--is without foundation in fact, and will not bear a critical examination. Let us see if this language is stronger than the facts will warrant.