The physiology of digestion considered with relation to the principles of dieteticsCombe, Andrew
Science
The physiology of digestion considered with relation to the principles of dietetics
Combe, Andrew
Diet; Digestion
Farinaceous food, such as rice, sago, arrow-root or gruel, is also
rapidly assimilated, and proves less stimulating to the system than
concentrated animal food; but as it affords no scope for the due action
of the muscular coat of the stomach, its exclusive use for any length
of time seldom fails to weaken that organ and impair digestion. For
the same reason, however, it becomes a very appropriate aliment, where
stomachic irritation already exists. When the stomach is in a healthy
state, milk is digested almost as easily as farinaceous food and is
equally unstimulating.
The other kinds of vegetable substance are the slowest of all in
undergoing digestion, and very frequently pass out of the stomach
and through the bowels comparatively little changed; and hence the
uneasiness which their presence so often excites in the intestinal
canal, especially in persons of weak digestion, owing to the nerves of
the intestines having a relation to _chyme_ or _digested_
food, and not to substances which resist the action of the gastric
juice. In a given bulk they contain less nutriment, and excite the
system less, than any other kind of food; so that they are well adapted
for the diet of those in whom it is necessary to avoid every kind of
stimulus, and who are not subjected to great muscular exertion; but to
a person undergoing hard labour, they afford inadequate support.
Liquids--soup, for example--do not call into play the muscular coat of
the stomach, and are so slow of digestion where that organ is already
weakened, that they often give rise to acidity; and hence they are
unfit for most dyspeptic patients. Before the gastric juice can act
upon them, the fluid part must be absorbed, and the mass thickened to
a proper consistence for undergoing the usual _churning_ motion.
On examining the contents of the stomach an hour after St Martin
had dined on beef-soup, Dr Beaumont found that on one occasion the
absorption of the watery part had been carried so far as to leave the
remainder of even a thicker consistence than after an ordinary solid
meal, but a similar result follows only when the digestive powers
are very vigorous. When drink is swallowed, it also is carried off by
absorption, and is not digested or allowed to pass through the pylorus.
One purpose of this provision seems to be to prevent the gastric juice
from being rendered inefficient by too much dilution.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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