I have already spoken of the services of women in the temples. These
do not marry. Although females may make offerings to Isis, they cannot
be invested with any sacerdotal office; and a priest must preside at
the oblation. They are rarely seen reading, their leisure being
occupied chiefly in talking together in social companies. They vie
with each other in the display of silver jewels, and jewels set in
gold; in the texture of their raiment, the neatness and elegance of
the form of their sandals, and the arrangement or beauty of their
plaited hair.
If two ladies meet at a banquet or festival, it is considered an
amiable courtesy to exchange flowers from the bouquet that Egyptian
ladies always carry in the hand when in full costume. They are
passionately devoted to dancing, and frequently both ladies and
gentlemen dance together; but I think when the former dance in
separate parties, their movements are marked by superior grace and
elegance. Their dances consist usually of a succession of figures more
or less involved; yet I have seen two daughters of the captain of the
guard, at a private entertainment given by the queen, perform a dance
to a slow air played upon the flute and lyre, with a grace of attitude
and harmony of motion delightful to follow with the eye. Grace in
posture, elegance of attitude, and ease of movement are their chief
objects in the dance.
It is not, however, customary for the nobles and their families to
indulge in this amusement in public, where usually the dancing is
performed by those who gain a livelihood by attending festive
meetings. They look upon it, however, as a recreation in which all
classes may partake; and all castes engage in it, either in private
festivities or in public. The lower orders delight in exhibiting great
spirit in their dances, which often partake of the nature of
pantomime; and they aim rather at ludicrous and extravagant dexterity,
than displays of elegance and grace. At evening, under the trees of an
avenue; at noon, in the shade of a temple, by public fountains, and
before the doors of their dwellings, I often see the men and women
amusing themselves, dancing to the sound of music, which is
indispensable. At the houses of the higher classes, they dance to the
harp, pipe, guitar, lyre, and tambourine; but in the streets and other
places, the people perform their part to the music of the shrill
double-pipe, the crotala or wooden clappers, held in the fingers, and
even to the sound of the drum; indeed, I have seen a man dancing a
solo on the deck of a galley at anchor in the river, to the sound of
the clapping of hands by his companions. Certain wanton dances,
consisting of voluptuous and passionate movements, by Arabian and
Theban girls, whose profession it was, from the impure tendency of
their songs and gestures, have been very properly forbidden by the
queen in her dominions. There are certain religious processions in
which women take part; they attend the funerals of their deceased
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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