Thus escorted, the "Living Soul of Osiris" is conducted to the temple
provided for him, which is now, as I have before observed, an
appendage to the Temple of Pthah or Vulcan, an edifice remarkable for
its architectural beauty, its extent, and the richness of its
decorations; indeed, the most magnificent temple in the city. A
festival of many days succeeds, and the young deity is then led in
solemn procession throughout the city, that all the people may see
him. These come out of their houses to welcome him, with gifts, as he
passes. Mothers press their children forward towards the sacred animal
that they may receive his breath which, they believe, conveys the
power to them of predicting future events. Returned to his sacred
adytum, he henceforth reigns as a god, daintily fed, and reverently
served. Pleasure-gardens and rooms for recreation are provided for him
when he would exercise.
At the death of Apis, all the priests are immediately excluded from
the temple, which is given up to profound solitude and silence, as if
it also mourned, in solemn desolation, the loss of its god. His
obsequies are celebrated on a scale of grandeur and expenditure hardly
conceivable. Sometimes the rich treasury of the temple, though filled
with the accumulated gold of a quarter of a century, is exhausted.
Upon the death of the last Apis, the priests expended one hundred
talents of gold in his obsequies, and Prince Mœris, who seeks every
opportunity to make a show of piety, and to please the Egyptians, gave
them fifty talents more, to enable them to defray the enormous costs
of the funeral of the god.
The burial-place of the Serapis, as the name is on the mausoleum
(formed by pronouncing together Osiris-Apis), is outside of the
western pylon of the city. We approached it through a paved avenue,
with lions ranged on each side of it. It consists of a vast gallery,
hewn in a rocky spur of the Libyan cliff, twenty feet in height, and
two thousand long. I visited this tomb yesterday, accompanied by the
high-priest. He showed me the series of chambers on the sides of this
sepulchral hall, where each embalmed Apis was deposited in a
sarcophagus of granite fifteen feet in length. There were sixty of
these sarcophagi, showing the permanency and age of this system of
worship. They were adorned with royal ovals, inscribed, or with
tablets containing dedications, to Apis. One of these bore the
inscription, "To the god Osiris-Apis, the Lord of the Soul of Osiris,
and emblem of the Sun, by Amense, Queen and upholder of the two
kingdoms."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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