My visit to the pyramids I will now describe, dear mother, although in
a letter to the Princess Thamonda I have given a very full account of
it. Accompanied by the hierarch and a few young lords--his friends and
mine--we rode in chariots out of the gate of the city, passed the
guards, who made obeisance to the high-priest, and entered upon an
avenue (what noble avenues are everywhere!) of trees growing upon a
raised and terraced mound which bounded each side of it. The mound was
emerald-green with verdancy, and the color of the foliage of the
palms, acacias, and tamarisk trees was enriched by the bright sunshine
as seen through the pure atmosphere. At intervals we passed a pair of
obelisks, or through a grand pylon of granite. Then we came to a
beautiful lake--the Lake of the Dead--where we passed a procession of
shrines. Every nome and all large cities have such a lake. I will here
state its use, which, like every thing in Egypt, is a religious one.
It is connected with the passage of the dead from this world to the
next; for the Egyptians not only believe in a future state, but that
rewards or punishments await the soul. When a person of distinction
dies, after the second or third day his body is taken charge of by
embalmers, a class of persons whose occupation it is to embalm the
dead. They have houses in a quarter of the city set apart for this
purpose. Here the friends of the dead are shown three models of as
many different modes of embalmment, of which they choose one,
according to the expense they are willing to incur. "The most
honorable and most costly," said the high-priest to me, as we were
surveying the Lake of the Dead, towards which a procession was moving
from the city, when we came before it, "is that in which the body is
made to resemble Osiris. And a custom prevails among us, that the
operator who first wounds the body with the sharp embalming flint,
preparatory to embalming, is odious by the act, and is compelled to
take to flight, pursued with execrations and pelted with stones. No
doubt the man we saw flying out of a house this morning, as we passed,
was one of these incisors."
The body remains seventy days, if that of a person of rank, at the
embalmers. It is then either taken to the house, to be detained a
longer or shorter time--according to the attachment of relatives, and
their reluctance to part with it--or is prepared for entombment.
During the interval of seventy days, the mourners continue their signs
of lamentation, which often are excessive in degree, such as tearing
off raiment, beating the breast, and pouring dust upon the head. The
pomp of the burial of the Pharaohs, I am informed, is inconceivably
grand and imposing. The whole realm joins in the rites and
processions, and every temple is crowded with sacrificers and
incense-burners.
We stopped our chariots to witness the funeral procession advance to
the shore of the lake, from the wide street leading from Memphis.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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