At this moment an official, partly in a priestly dress, advanced in an
imposing manner, touched the coffin with a wand, and said aloud:
"Approved! Let the good be entombed, and may their souls dwell in
Amenthe with Osiris. Judgment is passed in her favor! Let her be
buried!"
Upon hearing this address, I asked the high-priest what it signified.
He replied, with that courtesy which has always distinguished his
replies to my numerous questions:
"This act has reference to the judgment of Osiris. We did not witness
a similar ceremony at the lake, because the deceased was brought from
On, and had already been judged at the crossing of the Nile. If we had
sooner seen this funeral procession, which came only from the city to
the lake, we should have beheld forty-two just persons, chosen as
judges, seated upon a semicircular stone bench along the shore."
"I noticed the stone seats," I answered, "and intended to have
inquired their use."
"Seated upon them, the forty-two judges await the procession. The
baris, or gilded galley, which is to receive the body, is then drawn
alongside of the steps. Before it the bearers stop, and turning to the
judges, rest their burden on the ground before them. Then, while all
the friends stand anxiously around, and hundreds of spectators line
the shores, one of the judges rises and asks if any one present can
lawfully accuse the deceased of having done wrong to any man. If the
dead has done injustice or evil, his enemy, or the one wronged, or
their relatives, advance and make the charge. The judges weigh the
accusation, and if it be sustained, the rites of sepulchre are
commanded not to proceed."
Such a judgment, dear mother, I afterwards witnessed on our return
from the pyramids. It was the funeral of a woman of respectability.
The accuser said, advancing into the space before the judges--
"I accuse the deceased of suffering her father to perish in want."
"This is a great crime by our laws," said the judge sternly; "for,
though sons are not bound to provide for poor parents, daughters are.
This she knew, and was able to do it. Where are the proofs?"
Three persons came forward and bore testimony to the fact.
"The deceased is not worthy to pass the Lake of the Dead. The burial
is prohibited."
Hereupon there was a great cry of woe on the part of the mortified
relations; and the mummy, without being permitted to enter the sacred
baris, was retaken to the city, where in a shrine in the house it will
remain above-ground for years; until finally, after certain
ceremonies, it is permitted to be ignominiously entombed in "the
sepulchre of the evil."
This accusation and judgment, dear mother, is a striking illustration
of the veneration and respect children are expected to pay to their
parents in Egypt.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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