[205] Bowden’s Life of Gregory VII., ii. 158. [206] See Mahomedan Dynasties of Spain, pp. 74-381. [207] “Now when the morning came, the Khaleefeh went into the saloon (his sitting-room), and found the eunuchs stupified with _benj_. So he awoke them, and, putting his hand upon the chair, he found not the suit of apparel, nor the signet, nor the rosary, nor the dagger, nor the handkerchief, nor the lamp; whereupon he was violently enraged, and put on the apparel of anger, which was a suit of _Red_, and seated himself in the council-chamber.” [208] So in Spain, the men on entering the church drop the cloak from the shoulder, and likewise when speaking to a superior. In Southern Africa they bare the upper part of the body. The Abyssinian, as a sign of respect, throws off his clothing to the waist.--_See the captives on Egyptian monuments._ [209] The Phrygians were, I imagine, of the same race. They were also called Brebers, and thence the Greek word _barbarians_, which originally was no word of reproach, but designated that _other_ people of Asia Minor (Phrygians, Mysians, Lydians, &c.), whom we are now beginning to know in the marbles of Xanthus. [210] “The young men,” says Marmol, writing in the middle of the sixteenth century, “shave the head and beard until they are married, when they allow the beard to grow, and the tuft of hair on the crown of the head.”--_Africa_, vol. ii. p. 3. “Men of all ranks and conditions,” says a writer at the beginning of the last century, “are obliged to wear caps after they are married; and till then all their youths, even the king’s sons themselves, commonly go bareheaded. They wear no hair under their red caps (but are close shaved), except a lock upon the top of their heads.”--_An Account of Barbary_, p. 42. [211] “Baal Aruc יצבנב ועלבו ךימ _Much Hebraice et vernaculo sermone Bambace_. ךפ in materiâ vestium est mollior omnis lanæ “linique et gossifii lanugo”.”--BOCHART, _Chan._ lib. i. ch. 45. [212] תנתכ (Gen. xxxvii. 3), whence χιτών. Gaelic, _coot_, from which the English _coat_, which never is of cotton. CHAPTER III. THE JEWS AND JEWRY IN RABAT. December 7th.