For the catheter must always have the shape of the passage leading to the bladder (Method. med. bk. IV. ch. 7. X. p. 301.); accordingly it must be bent into the shape of the letter “S” (Introduct. ch. 19. Vol. XIV. p. 788). The inventor of it was Erasistratus (ibid. p. 751.). The employment of the catheter is well described by _Paulus Aegineta_ bk. VI. ch. 59., who adds that different catheters must be used according to age and sex. [336] _Oribasius_, Bk. L. ch. 8. (Mai’s Classicor. auctor. e Vatican. codd. edit.—Classical Authors edited from the Vatican MSS.), Vol. IV. p. 187. [337] The word ἰποτήριον is also found written ἰπωτήριον in _Galen_, De comp. medic. sec. gen. bk. IV. ch. 7. (XIII. p. 725.), who gives it as a φάρμακον (remedy) invented by Heraclides of Tarentum, but which is not described in detail. The word is missing in our Lexicons, though Castellus gives it. [338] _Galen_, In Hippocrat. de diaet. in acut. (XV. p. 759.), γίνεται δ’ ἔντασις ὄρχεως ἐνίοτε μὲν ὑπὸ τῆς καθ’ ἑαυτὸν φλεγμονῆς, ἐνιοτε δὲ ὑπό τινος τῶν ἄνω φλεγμαινόντων ἑλκομένου. (Now tension of the testicles occurs sometimes owing to inflammation in the testicles itself, at other times owing to one of more inward parts that are inflamed becoming ulcerated). [339] _Paulus Aegineta_, Bk. III. ch. 54. [340] _Galen_, De prognost. ex puls. bk. IV. ch. 10. (IX. p. 416.). Synops. de puls. ch. 31. (ibid. p. 540). [341] _Celsus_, Bk. VII. 18. VI. 18. [342] _Hippocrates_, de Nat. Homin. edit. Kühn. Vol. I. p. 364. _Galen_, Vol. XV. p. 131. [343] _Galen_, Vol. XI. p. 877., XII. p. 50.