Cap. II. “Gravissimum ex his _lichenas_ appellavere _Graeco nomine_: _Latine_, quoniam a mento fere oriebatur, _ioculari primum lascivia_ (ut est procax natura multorum in alienis miseriis) mox et usurpato vocabulo, _mentagram_: occupantem in multis totos utique vultus, oculis tantum immunibus, descendentem[88] vero et in colla pectusque ac manus, foedo cutis furfure[89]. Cap. III. “Non fuerat _haec lues_ apud maiores patresque nostros. Et primum _Tiberii Claudii Caesaris_ principatu medio irrepsit in Italiam, quodam Perusino equite Romano Quaestorio scriba, quum in Asia apparuisset inde contagionem eius importante. Nec sensere id malum feminae aut servitia, plebesque humilis, aut media: sed proceres veloci transitu osculi maxime: foediore multorum qui perpeti medicinam toleraverant, citatrice, quam morbo. Causticis[90] namque curabatur, ni usque in ossa corpus exustum esset, rebellante taedio. Advenerunt ex Aegypto, _genitrice talium vitiorum_, medici, hanc solam operam afferentes, magna sua praeda. Siquidem certum est, Manilium Cornutum, e Praetoriis legatum Aquitanicae provinciae, H.S. CC. elocasse in eo morbo curandum sese.” (Ch. I. Moreover the human _face_ experienced new diseases, and such as had been unknown in any former age not merely to Italy but to the whole of Europe very nearly, and these not widely diffused over Italy generally, or through Illyricum or the provinces of Gaul or of Spain, or indeed anywhere else but just in Rome and its neighbourhood. They were painless, it is true, and did not involve loss of life, but were of such a horrible nature that death in any form would have been preferable. Ch. II. The most serious of these diseases they called _lichenes_,—scabs, a Greek name; in Latin, as the malady generally showed itself first on the chin, it was known as _mentagra_,—chin-bane, scab or tetter of the chin, at the first by way of jest and mockery—for it is the nature of the multitude to make merry at others’ misfortunes,—but soon this became the recognized word. In many persons it covered absolutely the whole countenance, the eyes alone being left unaffected, with a horrible scurf of the skin, going down sometimes to the neck as well, and breast, and hands.