4. _Saltville, Smyth County._—In the U. S. National Museum is the horizontal part of the right ramus of the lower jaw of a young mastodon, found at the place named. This, with some remains of an undetermined species of _Bison_ and some teeth of _Elephas primigenius_, were presented to the museum in 1914 by Mr. H. D. Mount. They had been found about 1896, in making an excavation for the water reservoir of the town. It is said that within less than a century the valley at Saltville was at times a lake. The reservoir is situated at the edge of this former lake. The bones were found at a depth of not more than 8 feet. Mr. O. A. Peterson (Ann. Carnegie Mus., vol. XI, 1917, p. 474) records the finding of mastodon remains in the Saltville deposit. He states that fragmentary remains of mastodon have for many years been picked up in that valley. A list of the species of vertebrates found at this place is given on page 353. About 100 years ago (Med. and Physic. Jour., Phila., XV, 1806, 1st Supp., p. 388) an account of the discovery of mastodon remains in Wythe County, Virginia, was published by B. S. Barton. The details had been communicated to him by Bishop James Madison, president of William and Mary College, Williamsburg, Virginia. According to the bishop, not only were bones discovered but also the stomach of the animal in a state of perfect preservation, and containing a large quantity of half-masticated food (Godman’s Amer. Nat. Hist., 3d ed., 1860, vol. II, p. 74). Later, the bishop admitted that he had been misinformed. It is probable that something was found there, at least some bones. Bishop Madison had made arrangements to have the bones sent to Williamsburg; but if they reached there they were doubtless destroyed by a fire in 1859. The supposed discovery is mentioned in Cuvier’s “Ossemens Fossiles,” volume II, page 270, and is discussed in Barton’s “Archæologia Americana,” 1814, page 41. Wythe County at that time occupied far more territory than at present, and possibly the bones described by Madison had really been found in Washington or Smyth Counties; but Saltville, as the writer is informed by Mr. E. C. Hutton, surveyor, never was in Wythe County. 5. _Covington, Alleghany County._—In 1901 there was sent to the U. S. National Museum by Dr. A. C. Jones, of Covington, a lower last molar of a mastodon found at that place. This tooth differs from the ordinary teeth of _Mammut americanum_ in having the crown more depressed. The writer has observed similar teeth which have been found elsewhere. It is possible that they belonged to a species distinct from _M. americanum_. Dr. Jones informed the writer that the tooth was found within the city limits of Covington, about 300 yards from Jackson River, at a depth of 12 feet, in brick clay.