The Pleistocene of North America: and its vertebrated animals from the states east of the Mississippi River and from the Canadian provinces east of longitude 95°Hay, Oliver Perry
Science
The Pleistocene of North America: and its vertebrated animals from the states east of the Mississippi River and from the Canadian provinces east of longitude 95°
Hay, Oliver Perry
Paleontology -- North America; Paleontology -- Pleistocene; Vertebrates, Fossil
In the National Museum is a finely preserved upper right third or fourth
premolar of what appears to be _Equus complicatus_ which is recorded
having been found in Wando River, northwest from Charleston. The tooth
is 75 mm. high, 31 mm. long on the grinding-face, and 27 mm. wide. The
enamel is much complicated. In Holmes’s “Post-Pleiocene Fossils of South
Carolina,” on pages 102 and 104, Leidy mentions an upper second premolar
of _Equus fraternus_ found on Goose Creek, about 12 miles from
Charleston. He added a paragraph on the geology. Further reference to
this will be found on page 363. In the Charleston Museum and in the
private collections about Charleston the writer has seen many teeth of
horses found in that region, most of them without statements about exact
localities, though some were found in Stono River. The teeth of _E.
leidyi_ appear to be more numerous in the collections than those of _E.
complicatus_. Many teeth of both species are contained in the Scanlan
collection, made in the region about Charleston and now owned by Yale
University. In this collection are found also two lower molars which the
writer refers to _Equus littoralis_. The reader is referred to pages 362
to 366.
3. _Richland County._—On the occasion referred to in the next paragraph,
Robert W. Gibbes presented a tooth of a horse found in Richland district
at a depth of 17 feet, in a slough, supposed to have been a former bed
of Congaree River.
4. _Darlington, Darlington County._—In 1850 (Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv.
Sci., vol. III, p. 67), Gibbes showed before the Association several
specimens of horse-teeth, referred to _Equus americanus_ (_E.
complicatus_), found in supposed Pliocene at Darlington. They were
reported as having been discovered associated with bones of a mastodon,
presumably of _Mammut americanum_. No additional information was
furnished. Darlington is situated on a branch of Black Creek, an
affluent of Great Pedee River. The teeth were probably found in a
Pleistocene terrace deposit.
GEORGIA.
(Map 17.)
Apparently remains of extinct horses have been found in Georgia in only
two places, as follows:
1. _Brunswick, Glynn County._—During the construction (in 1838–39) of a
canal which connected Altamaha and Turtle Rivers, remains of various
fossil vertebrates were discovered. A list of these will be given on
page 370. Among the remains was a lower left last premolar or first
molar of an extinct horse, described by Leidy in 1847 (Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phila., 1847, p. 266) and again in 1860 (Holmes’s Post-Pleiocene
Foss. South Carolina, p. 104, plate XVI, fig. 23). In the first
publication he referred the tooth to his species _Equus americanus_
(=_E. complicatus_); but in 1860 he referred it to his _Equus fraternus_
(=_E. leidyi_). The size of the tooth appears to justify his later
conclusion.
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