12. _Chester, Orange County._—In 1818 (Cuvier’s Essay, etc., p. 376, plate VII, figs. 1 to 4), Samuel L. Mitchill presented an account of the exhumation in 1817 of a part of a mastodon skeleton at Chester. This had been originally discovered in a ditch made through a wet meadow. The surface soil was underlain by about 6 feet of black peat, and the bones lay in this at a depth of about 4 feet; beneath was a stratum of coarse vegetation. No marl underlay this muck. The upper jaw with teeth and tusks, lower jaw with teeth, shoulder-blade, vertebræ, and parts of the limbs were secured. An account of this discovery is to be found in Godman’s “American Natural History.” J. C. Warren, in the second edition of his monograph on the mastodon, has some remarks on the food of this mastodon. In 1909 (Trans. N. Y. Acad. Sci., vol. XVIII, p. 147, plate), Dr. E. O. Hovey made a contribution to the history of this specimen. What became of the bones is not known. 13. _Salisbury Mills, Orange County._—In 1903 (op. cit., p. 926), Clarke gives a brief account of a part of a mastodon skeleton which, in 1879, was found at this place, 9 miles southwest of Newburgh. It now forms the larger part of a mount in the American Museum of Natural History, New York. The present writer has no further information regarding this specimen. 14. _New Windsor, Orange County._—In the Kansas City Review of Science and Industry, volume III, 1879, page 241, is an item concerning the finding of a mastodon at this place. Nearly all the bones were secured. It was stated that a black vein of muck about 20 feet thick rested on a bed of blue clay. The bones lay at depths varying from 2 to nearly 5 feet from the surface. 15. _Newburgh, Orange County._—A considerable number of mastodons, some of them well preserved, have been discovered in the vicinity of Newburgh. The earliest one found was exhumed by Charles Wilson Peale, father of the artist Rembrandt Peale, in 1801. An account of the unearthing of this specimen is given by Rembrandt Peale in his “Historical Disquisition on the Mastodon,” London, 1803. The locality was probably south or southwest of Newburgh, for in another paper (Tilloch’s Philos. Mag., London, vol. XIV, 1802, p. 163) he states that it was in the neighborhood of New Windsor. Peale wrote that the specimen was found on the farm of John Masten. Peale’s account is reprinted in the second volume of Godman’s “American Natural History.” The whole of that part of the country is spoken of as abounding in morasses, solid enough for cattle to walk upon, and containing peat underlain by a shell marl. The mastodon remains had been found in an effort to get at the marl. It appears that the bones were met with at a depth of 6 or 7 feet, and were lying on the marl. Although the spring of 1801 was an unusually dry one, the digging was greatly hindered by the incoming water, and the work was finally abandoned. A considerable part of the skeleton was secured and sent to Philadelphia.