[13] “The doctrine attributed to Copernicus,” said the declaration made by the Pope, and published by the Holy Office, “that the earth moves round the sun, and that the sun remains motionless in the centre of the world without moving either to the east or to the west, is contrary to Holy Scripture, and consequently, can neither be professed nor defended.”--Biot, _La vérité sur le Procès de Galilée_, in the _Journal des Savants_, July 1858, p. 401. [14] _Essai Politique sur la Nouvelle Espagne_, vol. ii, p. 79. [15] _Essai sur les Mœurs_: Introd., § 2. [16] There is an idea of adding to the Linnean Society a new section of Anthropology.--See “Letter from E. W. Brayley,” _Medical Times and Gazette_, p. 491, May 10, 1862. [17] Alphonse Karr was the first who proposed to substitute the name of “searcher” (_chercheur_) for that of “learned man” (_savant_).--_Nouvelles Guêpes_, February 1859. [18] See, for example, Pucheran, _Considérations Anatomiques sur les Formes de la tête osseuse_.--Paris, 1841 (Thesis). [19] M. de Serres, in his Lectures on Anthropology, at the _Jardin des Plantes_. [20] P. J. Proudhon has said, in another arrangement of facts depending on social science, “Revolution is not atheistical; it does not deny the absolute, it removes it altogether” (_De la Justice_, vol. ii, p. 301). See, for fuller development of our ideas on this subject, the _Progrès_ of the 20th of May, 1859, article on _Science et Religion_. [21] _Discours sur le Méthode._ [22] _Lettres à M. Villemain sur la Méthode_, Paris, 1856, p. 3. [23] See these ideas categorically explained, vol. ii, p. 281. [24] M. de Quatrefages admits a _sidereal kingdom_; and such a thesis seems to us a very difficult one to sustain, after the experiments of Bunsen and Kirchoff on the chemical composition of the stars. M. de Quatrefages admits also a _human kingdom_; but admitting that animals _think_, he makes _morality_ and _religion_ characteristics of this kingdom. _Unité de l’Espèce Humaine_, 1861, p. 30. We shall have occasion to revert again to these two points. See Bert., _Bulletins de la Société d’Anthropologie_, August 7, 1862. [25] See Is. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, _Histoire Naturelle Générale des règnes organiques_, vol. ii, p. 252. [26] Certain essential oils, like those of coffee, tea, or hemp. [27] Alcoholic liquors. [28] Narcotics.