The pneumatics of Hero of AlexandriaHero, of Alexandria
History
The pneumatics of Hero of Alexandria
Hero, of Alexandria
Discoveries in science -- History; Inventions -- History; Pneumatics
Another construction of the same kind is employed to produce the sound
of a trumpet and the note of a blackbird. A boiler is made (fig. 75),
of the same kind as the last, of which all the tubes in the base
are bored through at each end, and near the surface there is a tube
Q E, into which another tube K L is closely fitted, extending into
the chamber for warm air, and moveable about the pin K L. This tube
is perforated by three holes, M, N, X, and similarly three
holes are bored in Q E opposite the holes M, N, X. Near
X, an aperture is made in a support which receives a tube fitting
closely into X and surmounted by the figure, as was described in the
last paragraph: and from M and N two tubes extend, M O, N P, bent at
their upper extremities; these tubes pierce through the surface of the
boiler, into which they are carefully soldered. Through the apertures
other tubes pass, fitting tightly into the tubes P and O. On one of
these tubes is placed the figure of a sparrow, hollow within so as to
receive water: the tube on which the bird sits is bent, and provided
with a tuning-pipe, such as are made to produce notes, and the curved
part of it passes as far as the water contained in the sparrow, so
that, when the sound of the pipe reaches the water, the note of a
blackbird is produced. In like manner the tube N P has another tube
fitting closely into it, on which is placed a figure shaped like a
triton with a trumpet in its mouth: the tube on which the triton is
placed is moreover furnished with the mouthpiece and bell as usual,
and when the vapour reaches these and enters them it will give out the
sound of a trumpet. We must discover by trial when the holes in K L are
opposite the tubes M O and N P, and when to X on which the figure is
placed. Having learnt this, we must make corresponding marks on the pin
K L, that the trumpet may sound, or the figure blow, or the blackbird’s
note be produced, at our pleasure. The arrangements about the cup and
the ascent of the warm water are to be made according to the previous
description.
76. _An Altar Organ blown by manual Labour._
[Illustration: Diagram of apparatus as described in text]
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