The Poetical Works of William Wordsworth — Volume 6 (of 8)Wordsworth, William
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The Poetical Works of William Wordsworth — Volume 6 (of 8)
Wordsworth, William
English poetry -- 18th century; English poetry -- 19th century
Mr. Hazlitt wrote of _Laodamia_: "It breathes the pure spirit of the
finest fragments of antiquity--the sweetness, the gravity, the strength,
the beauty, and the languor of Death. Its glossy brilliancy arises from
the perfection of the finishing, like that of careful sculpture, not
from gaudy colouring--the texture of the thoughts has the smoothness and
solidity of marble. It is a poem that might be read aloud in Elysium,
and the spirits of departed heroes and sages would gather round to
listen to it."
I am indebted to the Headmaster of Fettes College, Edinburgh, the Rev.
W. A. Heard, for the following illustrative notes on _Laodamia_:--
"This poem illustrates more completely than any other the sympathy
of the poet with the spirit of antiquity in its purest and most
exalted forms. The idea that underlies the poem is the same
conception of 'pietas' which Virgil has embodied in the _Æneid_,
and with which he has associated, especially in the sixth book,
which Wordsworth in many passages recalls, great ethical and
religious conceptions, derived in the main from the philosophy of
Plato. 'Pietas' embraces all the duties of life that are based upon
the affections--love of home and parents and children, love of the
Gods of our Fathers, and a reverence for that great order of things
in which man finds himself a part. The pious man believes in a
destiny, or order transcending his own will: to exalt any passion,
however innocent, above this, is a rebellion; to intensify any
passion, so as to disturb the appropriate calm of resignation, is
to act irreverently against the gods. Lesser duties must give way
to greater: love of wife must give way to love of country, and the
sorrow of bereavement must not obscure the larger issues of life.
Thus, not only did Laodamia's yearning for the restoration of her
husband to life show a failure to recognise the fixity of eternal
laws, but her death was 'ὑπὲρ μόρον' and in reason's
spite; it was, after all, self-will, and could not win the favour
of heaven.
Blending with this notion of 'pietas,' we find the Platonic
repudiation of sensuous and material life. This life is only a
discipline under imperfect conditions, and to be set free from the
passion and fretfulness of existence is the choice and longing of
the wise.
The poem is thus notable, not so much for the assimilation of
details, as for natural affinity to the spirituality of antiquity,
of which Virgil is the purest exponent. Virgil's seriousness, his
tenderness, his conception of the inevitable, and yet moral, order
of the world, his desire for purification, his sadness, and yet
complete freedom from unmanliness, his love of nature and belief in
the sympathy of nature with man--all these are points of contact
between the ancient and modern poet.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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