His _Political Testament_ cites the _Chien Kuo Fang Lo_ (_The Program of National Reconstruction_), the _Chien Kuo Ta Kang_ (_The Outline of National Reconstruction_), the _San Min Chu I_ (_The Triple Demism_, also translated as _The Three Principles of the People_), and the _Manifesto_ issued by the first national congress of the Party.(5) These four items differ quite sharply from one another in form. No one of them can be relied upon to give the whole of Sun’s doctrines. The _Chien Kuo Fang Lo_ (_The Program of National Reconstruction_) is in reality three works, only remotely related to one another. The first item in the trilogy is the _Sun Wên Hsüeh Shê_ (_The Philosophy of Sun Wên_); it is a series of familiar essays on the Chinese way of thought.(6) The second is the _Min Ch’üan Ts’u Pu_, _The Primer of Democracy_, which is little more than a text on parliamentary law.(7) The third is the _Shih Yeh Chi Hua_, known in English as _The International Development __ of China_, which Sun wrote in both English and Chinese.(8) These three works, under the alternate titles of “The Program of Psychological Reconstruction,” “The Program of Social Reconstruction,” and “The Program of Material Reconstruction” form _The Program of National Reconstruction_. The _Chien Kuo Ta Kang, The Outline of National Reconstruction_, is an outline of twenty-five points, giving the necessary steps towards the national reconstruction in their most concise form.(9) The _San Min Chu I_ is Sun’s most important work. It comprises sixteen lectures setting forth his socio-political theories and his programs. The title most commonly used in Western versions is _The Three Principles of the People_.(10) The last document mentioned in Sun Yat-sen’s will was the _Manifesto_ of the first national congress of the Kuomintang. This was not written by himself, but was drafted by Wang Ch’ing-wei, one of his closest followers, and embodies essentially the same ideas as do the other three items, even though Borodin—the emissary of the Third International—had been consulted in its preparation.(11)