Fiction -- History and criticism; Political fiction -- History and criticism; Politics in literature
Instead, he can create, whole and entire, the world
which he thinks will grow out of the one in which he lives or which
he sees emerging. The scientist may attempt to define the group mind
or examine pressures toward enforced conformity in political thought.
But George Orwell in _1984_ creates his own terrifying vision of
the world thirty years from now. And this story is frighteningly
believable. It does not even require Coleridge’s “willing suspension of
disbelief which constitutes poetic faith.” With its three super states
perpetually at war, its Newspeak vocabulary including “thoughtcrime”
and “doublethink,” its omnipresent Big Brother, 1984 reflects aspects
of our world out of which the novelist’s vision grew. Besides the
political apparatus which Orwell builds, he creates a protagonist,
Winston Smith, one man out of all the masses of Party members and
Proles who revolts against the system, providing the reader with a
focus for personal association. The reader follows him through his
round of duties in the Ministry of Truth, into his state-forbidden love
affair, and finally down into the depths of the Ministry of Love where
he is tortured into conformity before he will be “vaporized” and poured
into the stratosphere as gas. If he likes, the author can move at
will seven centuries into the future, where Aldous Huxley erected his
_Brave New World_. From a world of mechanization, deteriorating family
ties, and ascendant pragmatic science, he can artistically extrapolate
a planet ruled cooperatively by ten World Controllers. Embryos are
conditioned within their glass flasks and then decanted into a rigidly
stratified society where stability has outlawed change and Ford has
replaced God. And there are memorable people--sensuous Lenina Crowne,
and the Savage, a “natural man” who commits suicide rather than choose
between prehistoric primitivism and soulless modernism.
Not only does the novelist have complete freedom in time and space,
he has the right to use any of the devices found attractive in
communication since the first articulate primate squatting in the
firelight gave his interpretation of experience to his hairy brothers.
The point of the story can be driven home or made more palatable
with laughter, suspense, or a cops-and-robbers chase that will make
it memorable. Ernest Hemingway’s Spanish guerrillas and Ignazio
Silone’s Italian peasants are often amusing. The reader may remember
the inspired profanity or the droll proverbs; he will also remember
the fight against Fascism and oppression. From _Darkness at Noon_ the
reader will take with him Rubashov’s midnight arrest, the wait for the
NKVD bullet in the back of the neck; he will retain, too, the irony of
the disillusioned Bolshevik destroyed by the monster he helped create.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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