As may be imagined, the work of the Post-office Department consequent upon the war was enormous; it participated in and did war work for practically all other departments of the Government. Besides the great increase of ordinary mail as a result of the war, it assisted in the work of the draft, the Liberty Loans, the Red Cross service, food, fuel, and labor conservation, the enforcement of the Alien Enemy and Espionage laws, and nearly every war activity placed upon it some share of the burden. The Post-office Department, whose function is purely civil, with responsibility for a business service that must not be interrupted, kept open channels of communication upon which the vital activities of the Nation depended, and unquestionably made material contributions toward the successful prosecution of the war. The department was of assistance to the Department of Justice, the Bureau of Intelligence of both the Army and the Navy; the Department of Labor, in collecting data relative to firms and classes of labor in the country; the Department of Agriculture, the Shipping Board, and various independent bureaus of the Government. Under proclamation of the President, postmasters of towns having populations of 5000 or less had the duty of registering enemy aliens. The department collected all the statistics and lists of aliens for the Department of Justice. A similar work was performed with respect to the duties of the Alien Property Custodian. Nine million questionnaires were distributed for the War Department, each being handled three times during the first draft; about thirteen million questionnaires were distributed in the second draft. The department distributed literature for the Liberty Loans and the Red Cross, and assisted in the sale of War Savings Stamps and Internal Revenue Stamps. New postal service was established for the soldiers at nearly a hundred cantonments in this country. When the American forces went abroad an independent postal service was established in France by the Post-office Department which was later turned over to the military authorities. That the United States postal service was the only one in the world that did not break down during the war might well be cause for pardonable pride. _Beginning of Registered Mail, Postal Money-orders, Savings, Free Delivery, Special Delivery, Parcel Post, and Air Mail_ The registry service was established in 1855 and the money-order service was established in 1864. About $1,500,000,000 is transmitted by money-orders annually. Postal-savings service was established January 3, 1911, and during the first year the deposits reached a total of $677,145. The increase in this department has been continuous each year, and in a recent year the amount was over $150,000,000. The parcel-post system was established January 1, 1913, and now nearly three billion parcels are handled annually.