Botany; Geotropism; Plants -- Irritability and movements
That this is the correct view may be inferred from the effects of the
more powerful stimulus of caustic. The bending from the cauterised side
occurred much slower than in the previously described species, and it
will perhaps be worth while to give our trials in detail.
The seeds germinated in sawdust, and one side of the tips of the
radicles were slightly rubbed once with dry nitrate of silver; and
after a few minutes were allowed to dip into water. They were subjected
to a rather varying temperature, generally between 52° and 58° F. A few
cases have not been thought worth recording, in which the whole tip was
blackened, or in which the seedling soon became unhealthy.
(1.) The radicle was slightly deflected from the cauterised side in one
day (i.e. 24 h.); in three days it stood at 60° from the perpendicular;
in four days at 90°; on the fifth day it was curved up about 40° above
the horizon; so that it had passed through an angle of 130° in the five
days, and this was the greatest amount of curvature observed.
(2.) In two days radicle slightly deflected; after seven days
deflected 69° from the perpendicular and from the cauterised side;
after eight days the angle amounted to nearly 90°.
(3.) After one day slight deflection, but the cauterised mark was so
faint that the same side was again touched with caustic. In four days
from the first touch deflection amounted to 78°, which in an additional
day increased to 90°.
(4.) After two days slight deflection, which during the next three days
certainly increased but never became great; the radicle did not grow
well and died on the eighth day.
(5.) After two days very slight deflection; but this on the fourth day
amounted to 56° from the perpendicular and from the cauterised side.
(6.) After three days doubtfully, but after four days certainly
deflected from the cauterised side. On the fifth day deflection
amounted to 45° from the perpendicular, and this on the seventh day
increased to about 90°.
(7.) After two days slightly deflected; on the third day the deflection
amounted to 25° from the perpendicular, and this did not afterwards
increase.
(8.) After one day deflection distinct; on the third day it amounted to
44°, and on the fourth day to 72° from the perpendicular and the
cauterised side.
(9.) After two days deflection slight, yet distinct; on the third day
the tip was again touched on the same side with caustic and thus
killed.
(10.) After one day slight deflection, which after six days increased
to 50° from the perpendicular and the cauterised side.
(11.) After one day decided deflection, which after six days increased
to 62° from the perpendicular and from the cauterised side.
(12.) After one day slight deflection, which on the second day amounted
to 35°, on the fourth day to 50°, and the sixth day to 63° from the
perpendicular and the cauterised side.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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