Botany; Geotropism; Plants -- Irritability and movements
Oxalis rosea (Oxalideae).—The hypocotyl was secured to a little stick,
and an extremely thin glass filament, with two triangles of paper, was
attached to one of the cotyledons, which was .15 inch in length. In
this and the following species the end of the petiole, where united to
the blade, is developed into a pulvinus. The apex of the cotyledon
stood only 5 inches from the vertical glass, so that its movement was
not greatly exaggerated as long as it remained nearly horizontal; but
in the course of the day it both rose considerably above and fell
beneath a horizontal position, and then of course the movement was much
exaggerated.
In Fig. 13 its course is shown from 6.45 A.M. on June 17th, to 7.40
A.M. on the following morning; and we see that during the daytime, in
the course of 11 h. 15 m., it travelled thrice down and twice up. After
5.45 P.M. it moved rapidly downwards, and in an hour or two depended
vertically; it thus remained all night asleep. This position could not
be represented on the vertical glass nor in the figure here given. By
6.40 A.M. on the following morning (18th) both cotyledons had risen
greatly, and they continued to rise until 8 A.M., when they stood
almost horizontally. Their movement was traced during the whole of this
day and until the next morning; but a tracing is not given, as it was
closely similar to Fig. 13, excepting that the lines were more zigzag.
The cotyledons moved 7 times, either upwards or downwards; and at about
4 P.M. the great nocturnal sinking movement commenced.
Fig. 13. Oxalis rosea: circumnutation of cotyledons, the hypocotyl
being secured to a stick; illuminated from above. Figure here given
one-half of original scale.
Another seedling was observed in a similar manner during nearly 24 h.,
but with the difference that the hypocotyl was left free. The movement
also was less magnified. Between 8.12 A.M. and 5 P.M. on the 18th, the
apex of the cotyledon moved 7 times upwards or downwards (Fig. 14). The
nocturnal sinking movement, which is merely a great increase of one of
the diurnal oscillations, commenced about 4 P.M.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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