found in at least fifty per cent of all cases, forming presumably a
predisposition; it is also stated that a predisposition may be acquired
through various debilitating causes. Exciting factors are claimed
to be present, such as mental shock, grief, worry and the like. The
disease would then seem to occur when we have a combination of exciting
factors and predisposition. Careful consideration will show, however,
that no such mental disturbance occurs at this age in many people
who show evidences of such predisposition and of exciting factors,
therefore it would seem that still other causes were necessary; if
we consider the suggestion above mentioned that there are atrophic
processes taking place in the sexual glands leading to a loss of the
internal secretions and if we further consider that this may take
place unevenly and in an unbalanced way, thus aiding in giving rise
to the symptoms, we will find a definite point of contact for the
osteopathic conception. Osteopathically considered, we may say that
the spinal lesions lead to a disturbance of innervation and nutrition
to the ductless glands, and therefore produce disordered secretions in
those patients developing the disease, whereas such a condition may
not be present in others who at the same age period do not develop the
psychosis.
Symptomatology
The emotional tone of depression dominates the picture. Associated
symptoms are anxiety, fears, particularly of impending danger, the loss
of interest in the external world, with a concentration of attention
upon self; psychic distress is usually present, often to an extreme
degree, leading apparently to real mental pain, so-called psychalgia.
Delusions are usually present and manifold in variety; they mainly
refer to the patient himself and are of a self-accusatory nature;
they frequently refer to notions of sins having been committed, also
unworthiness of the patient, of poverty, nihilistic ideas, either about
his own body or external things. He may claim for example that he has
no stomach or kidney, or heart, that the external world is unreal and
the like. His motor reactions become retarded, or even in the more
extreme cases inhibited, producing a form of stupor. The inefficiency
which results along with the psychic pain and distress may determine
suicidal tendencies which are very frequent. Orientation is usually
good, the patient remaining aware of his own identity and that of his
surroundings; the judgment of course is impaired so that the patient
is unable to appreciate the unreality of his delusions; as a result
he sees no hope in the future and on account of present sufferings
prefers death to life. The patient may remain in a perfectly passive
mood, giving the appearance of extreme depression, paying no attention
to the surroundings, possibly mute, giving no regard to the necessity
of the toilet, paying no attention to his clothing and the like.
This may continue for hours or days. Food often has to be forced on
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