In disease of the =scalp= the condition of the muscles of the scalp should be taken into consideration. The muscles are usually found contracted. The contraction of the muscles is generally due, as well as the disease of the scalp, to derangement existing in the posterior branches of the upper five pairs of the cervical spinal nerves. In the =neck=, anteriorly the =hyoid= is the only bone to consider. It is easily palpated by standing at the head of the table and with the second finger of each hand outline both ends to ascertain its relation with the thyroid cartilage. Note carefully any contracted tissue or glandular enlargements which might cause undue tension. The tilting of either end of the hyoid from these contractions is productive of much throat irritation. At the same time the =larynx= may be examined. It may be prolapsed, causing irritation of the laryngeal group of nerves. The =thyroid= and =cervical= glands should be palpated for enlargements, and all the muscles and ligaments for contractions. Externally the =tonsil= may be felt by deep pressure in front of the angle of the inferior maxilla. =The Ribs.=—Under the osteopathic diagnosis of the ribs will be included the examination of the clavicle and sternum. To be able to diagnose intelligently, the position of the ribs in detail is very necessary to the osteopath. Many of the diseases of the heart and lungs, besides a large number of the diseases of the digestive tract, may be traced to a deranged rib; also, occasionally diseases of different regions of the head and neck may be due to dislocated ribs. In making a thorough examination of the ribs each rib should be carefully noted as to its position. The ribs may be examined when the patient is sitting up; but it is better to have the patient flat upon the back and especially so if the floating ribs are to be carefully examined, because the muscular tissues of the side if contracted will interfere with the diagnosis. In many instances the rib lesion is secondary to a vertebral subluxation.