The Preface to the Aeneis of Virgil (1718)Trapp, Joseph
History
The Preface to the Aeneis of Virgil (1718)
Trapp, Joseph
Aeneas (Legendary character) -- In literature; Epic poetry, Latin -- History and criticism; Rome -- In literature; Virgil. Aeneis
The conventional view that Trapp wished to change by the interpolation
of Milton was that, whereas Virgil merited the laurel for judgment and
decorum, Homer possessed greater "fire," "sublimity," "fecundity,"
"majesty," and "vastness" (to use Trapp's terms). Homer was praised as
the great original and inventor; Virgil followed in his steps with more
refinement and rationality, showing everywhere that good sense and
polished concision of expression characteristic of the Augustan age (so,
for instance, René Rapin claimed in the well-known _Comparaison_).[3]
One blossomed with the wild abundance and grandeur of nature; the other
displayed that cultivated order shown in fields and gardens. Trapp
accepts all that was granted to the Roman poet, but he claims for
Virgil, Homeric qualities also: his borrowings are merely the basis for
his invention (witness the tale of Dido); and as for the fire of
sublimity, Trapp, like a critical Prometheus, filches that also. Among
the many instances of the Virgilian fire given in the Preface, he cites
"the Arrival of _Aeneas_ with his Fleet and Forces" in the tenth book.
His translation runs thus:
Amaz'd stood _Turnus_, and th' _Ausonian_ Chiefs;
'Till, looking back, they saw the Navy move
Cov'ring the Sea, and gliding make to Shore.
Fierce burns his Helm; and from his tow'ring Crest
Flame flashes; and his Shield's round Bossy Gold
Vomits vast Fires: As when in gloomy Night
Ensanguin'd Comets shoot a dismal Glare;
Or the red Dog-Star, rising on the World,
To wretched Mortals threatens Dearth, and Plagues,
With Baleful Light; and saddens all the Sky. (360 _ff._)
Trapp does not play the trite old game of setting the texts of Homer and
Virgil in comparison, but what comes to his mind at once in his note,
and rightly, given the language of his translation, is Milton describing
Satan:
Like a Comet burn'd,
That fires the Length of _Ophiucus_ huge
In th' Artick Sky; and from his horrid hair
Shakes Pestilence and War. (II. 708-711)
Similarly, when Aeneas hastens to meet Turnus in the twelfth book,
Miltonic translation and Miltonic original are brought together to show
the similarity between Virgilian and Christian sublime:
_Aeneas_ ... with Joy
Exults; and thunders terrible in Arms.
As great as _Athos_, or as _Eryx_ great,
Or Father _Apennine_, when crown'd with Okes
He waves the ruffled Forest on his Brow,
And rears his snowy Summit to the Clouds. (902 ff.)
* * * * *
On th' other Side _Satan_ allarm'd
Collecting all his Might, dilated stood;
Like _Teneriff_, or _Atlas_ unremov'd:
His Stature reach'd the Sky, and on his Crest
Sat Horrour plum'd. (IV. 985-989)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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