It has been amply sufficient to give simply the outlines of the other periods. In order to fix more clearly the sequence of life, we will give an outline showing the periods we have reviewed, and also the subdivisions of the Cenozoic time, which we are now to examine with more care. OUTLINE. LIFE. Archæan Time. _The Beginning._ Includes the long lapse of time when the globe could not support life, but towards its close faint traces of life, both animal and vegetable appeared. Paleozoic Time. _The Period of Old Life Forms._ Forests of flowerless trees; but pines grew in the coal measures. Animal life largely invertebrate; but amphibians and reptiles among the vertebrate appear at the close. Mesozoic Time. _The Period of Middle Life Forms._ Flowering trees increasing in number and importance. Deciduous trees make their appearance. Animal life largely reptilian. The class Mammalia represented by marsupials. Cenozoic Time. _Tertiary,_ or Age of Mammals. Eocene. Miocene. Pliocene. _Quaternary,_ or Age of Man. Glacial or Pleistocene. Recent. At the close of the Mesozoic time, great elevations of land took place in both America and Europe, especially in the northern portions.21 This could not fail to have a great effect on life, both animal and vegetable. During the Eocene, or first division of the Tertiary Age, we have simply to note the steady progress of life. There were forests of species of oaks, poplars, maples, hickories, and other common trees, and others now found only in tropical regions. Palm trees were growing in the upper Missouri region of the United States. And England was decidedly a land of Palms, as no less than thirteen species are known to have been growing there. Cypresses, yews, and pines graced the scene.22 Our special interest centers, however, in the mammals of this epoch. The Paleotherium.