The Preparation of Plantation RubberMorgan, Sidney
Science
The Preparation of Plantation Rubber
Morgan, Sidney
Rubber
A fast curing raw rubber is not necessarily a desirable type for all
manufacturing purposes. In the vulcanising of large masses of rubber, a
slower rather than a faster vulcanising rubber may be desirable, so as to
give ample time for the heat to penetrate and spread evenly throughout the
mass. But for many purposes a fast curing rubber enables a larger output to
be obtained, so that artificial organic accelerators are coming more and
more into use. The addition of such accelerators might be obviated, if a
suitable fast curing rubber were available, but it is essential that such
rubber should be uniform. It is just in this respect that slab rubber or
crepe made therefrom is found to be deficient.[56] The rate of cure depends
on the functions of wild bacteria, which are naturally sensitive to changes
of conditions, such as temperature, etc. The coagulated rubber depends on
chance circumstances for infection, and, as a natural result, the activity
of the bacteria and the nature and amounts of active vulcanising agent
produced will vary and be difficult to control. Consequently, the rate of
cure of slab rubber shows considerably greater variation than ordinary
crepe or sheet.[57] This, in our opinion, is the main difficulty of
utilising "slab," or crepe prepared from it. Experience in other
industries, using micro-organisms, has shown that the only method of
control has been to replace the wild growths by cultures of some particular
strain, as, for instance, in yeasts for brewing. To control the rate of
cure of slab, it might be possible to use a special culture for the
purpose.
[56] Bulletin R.G.A., January, 1920, p. 6; January, 1921, p. 47.
[57] _Ibid._, January, 1920, p. 68.
Other less usual methods of preparation, referred to in the earlier part of
this book, do not call for particular mention, as the properties of the
rubber do not differ much from ordinary sheet or crepe. It is mainly a
matter of variation in rate of cure.
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