What I distinguish by the name of rash, were pimples much resembling the confluent pocks, and rising above the skin; the petechial spots were interspersed, and even with the skin; some of these were small like flea-bites, others were near as large as a silver penny; some were of a very dark purple, and others of a livid colour. I observed them carefully, assisted by a good convex glass, and found the appearances singular and alarming. But as the fever was not high in proportion to such appearances, the head and back free from pain, and no great weakness attended, the event seemed to be the less doubtful. The patient drank a bason of white wine whey at going to bed, and I found him pretty well in the morning: the erysipelas began to be less fiery, and put on a darker hue; a few large distinct pustules of real small-pox soon discovered themselves, and from this time all went on very well; the arms indeed were of a livid colour for some time, but gave the patient no pain or uneasiness, so that he passed through the whole process perfectly well in every other respect. CASE XIV. A healthy young woman 20 years of age, after having taken two of the preparatory powders, had a slight fever, accompanied with sickness at stomach, which were followed by an erysipelatous rash; on this account inoculation was postponed four days, when the rash was totally gone. On the 7th day from the inoculation she began to have the eruptive symptoms, which were accompanied with more fever and pain in the head and back than is usual, also very great sickness and vomiting; these were succeeded by an universal rash, of the same kind as had happened before; in this situation she was ordered to keep her room, and the following medicine was directed: Take compound powder of crabs claws, one scruple; emetic tartar, one grain. This operated moderately by vomit, discharging some bile, and also twice by stool. The stomach was much relieved, but the rash remained, and put on so much the appearance of a confluent eruption, that I could scarce be satisfied it was not so, though I had seen in the same person but a few days before a smaller degree of the same rash. What made the case more doubtful was, that the fever still remained pretty high; and her head and back were not much relieved by this eruption. In this situation I did not think it adviseable to expose the patient to the open air, but directed only a saline mixture, with compound powder of crabs claws, and that she should keep her room, but not her bed. On the 10th a few distinct pustules were to be distinguished, the rash began to look fainter, and the whole terminated in a very favourable distinct eruption, without any particular accident: the skin peeled off universally, as is not uncommon after a rash. CASE XV.