The Press-Gang Afloat and AshoreHutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
History
The Press-Gang Afloat and Ashore
Hutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
Great Britain -- History, Naval; Impressment
The press-room, lock-up or "shut-up house," as it was variously termed,
must not be confounded with the press-room at Newgate, where persons
indicted for felony, and perversely refusing to plead, were pressed
beneath weights till they complied with that necessary legal formality.
From that historic cell the rendezvous press-room differed widely, both
in nature and in use. Here the pressed men were confined pending their
dispatch to His Majesty's ships. As a matter of course the place was
strongly built, heavily barred and massively bolted, being in these
respects merely a commonplace replica of the average bridewell. Where it
differed from the bridewell was in its walls. Theoretically these were
elastic. No matter how many they held, there was always room within them
for more. As late as 1806 the press-room at Bristol consisted of a cell
only eight feet square, and into this confined space sixteen men were
frequently packed. [Footnote: _Admiralty Records_ 1. 581--Admiral
Berkeley, Report on Rendezvous, 14 March 1806.]
Nearly everywhere it was the same gruesome story. The sufferings of
the pressed man went for nothing so long as the pressed man was kept.
Provided only the bars were dependable and the bolts staunch, anything
would do to "clap him up in." The town "cage" came in handy for the
purpose; and when no other means of securing him could be found, he
was thrust into the local prison like a common felon, often amidst
surroundings unspeakably awful.
According to the elder Wesley, no "seat of woe" on this side of the
Bottomless Pit outrivalled Newgate except one. [Footnote: London
Chronicle, 6 Jan. 1761.] The exception was Bristol jail. A filthy,
evil-smelling hole, crowded with distempered prisoners without medical
care, it was deservedly held in such dread as to "make all seamen fly
the river" for fear of being pressed and committed to it. For when the
eight-foot cell at the rendezvous would hold no more, Bristol pressed
men were turned in here--to come out, if they survived the
pestilential atmosphere of the place, either fever-stricken or pitiful,
vermin-covered objects from whom even the hardened gangsman shrank with
fear and loathing. [Footnote: _Admiralty Records_ 1. 1490--Capt. Brown,
4 Aug. 1759.] Putting humane considerations entirely aside, it is
well-nigh inconceivable that so costly an asset as the pressed man
should ever have been exposed to such sanitary risks. The explanation
doubtless lies in the enormous amount of pressing that was done. The
number of men taken was in the aggregate so great that a life more or
less was hardly worth considering.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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