The Press-Gang Afloat and AshoreHutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
History
The Press-Gang Afloat and Ashore
Hutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
Great Britain -- History, Naval; Impressment
Such a dietary as this made a meal only an unavoidable part of the day's
punishment and inspired the sailor with profound loathing. "Good
Eating is an infallible Antidote against murmuring, as many a Big-Belly
Place-Man can instance," he says in one of his petitions. Poor fellow!
his opportunities of putting it to the test were few enough. On Mondays,
Wednesdays and Fridays, the so-called Banyan days of the service, when
his hateful ration of meat was withheld and in its stead he regaled
himself on plum-duff--the "plums," according to an old regulation, "not
worse than Malaga"--he had a taste of it. Hence the banyan day, though
in reality a fast-day, became indelibly associated in his simple mind
and vocabulary with occasions of feasting and plenty, and so remains to
this day.
If the sailor's only delicacy was duff, his only comforts were rum and
tobacco, and to explore some unknown island, and discover therein a
goodly river of the famous Jamaica spirit, flowing deep and fragrant
between towering mountains of "pig tail," is commonly reputed to have
been the cherished wish of his heart. With tobacco the Navy Board did
not provide him, nor afford dishonest pursers opportunity to "make dead
men chew," [Footnote: Said of pursers who manipulated the Muster Books,
which it was part of their duty to keep, in such a way as to make it
appear that men "discharged dead" had drawn a larger quantity of tobacco
than was actually the case, the difference in value of course going
into their own pockets.] until 1798; but rum they allowed him at a
comparatively early date. When sickness prevailed on board, when beer
ran short or had to be turned over the side to preserve a sweet ship,
rum or wine was issued, and although the Admiralty at first looked
askance at the innovation, and at times left commanders of ships to foot
the bill for spirits thus served out, the practice made gradual headway,
until at length it ousted beer altogether and received the stamp of
official approval. Half a pint, dealt out each morning and evening in
equal portions, was the regular allowance--a quantity often doubled were
the weather unusually severe or the men engaged in the arduous duty
of watering ship. At first the ration of rum was served neat and
appreciated accordingly; but about 1740 the practice of adding water was
introduced. This was Admiral Vernon's doing. Vernon was best known to
his men as "Old Grog," a nickname originating in a famous grogram coat
he affected in dirty weather; and as the rum and water now served out
to them was little to their liking, they marked their disapproval of the
mixture, as well as of the man who invented it, by dubbing it "grog."
The sailor was not without his sense of humour.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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