The Press-Gang Afloat and AshoreHutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
History
The Press-Gang Afloat and Ashore
Hutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
Great Britain -- History, Naval; Impressment
Notwithstanding the fact that the impress officer regarded every
pressable man as a person who made it his chief business in life
to defraud the Navy of his services on the "miserable plea of a
protection," it by no means followed that his zeal in pressing him
on that account had in every case the countenance or met with the
unqualified approval of the Admiralty. Thousands of men and boys taken
in this irresponsible fashion obtained their discharge, though with
more or less difficulty and delay, when the facts of the case were
laid before the naval authorities; and in general it may be said, that
although the Lords Commissioners were only too ready to wink at any
colourable excuse whereby another physical unit might be added to the
fleet, they nevertheless laid it down as a rule, inviolable at least
on paper, "never to press any man from protections," since it brought
"great trouble and clamour upon them." [Footnote: _Admiralty Records_
3. 50--Admiralty Minutes, 26 Feb. 1744-5.] To assert that the rule was
generally obeyed would be to turn the truth into a lie. On the contrary,
it was almost universally disregarded. Both officers and gangs traversed
it on every possible occasion, leaving the justice or injustice of the
act to the arbitrament of the higher tribunal. Zeal for the service was
no crime, and to release a man was always so much easier than to catch
him.
"Pressing from protections," as the phrase ran in the service, did
not therefore mean that the Admiralty over-rode its own protections
at pleasure. It merely signified that on occasion more than ordinarily
stringent measures were adopted for the holding-up and examining of
all protected persons, or of as many of them as could be got at by the
gangs, to the end that all false or fraudulent vouchers might be weeded
out and the dishonest bearers of them consigned to another place. And
yet there were times when "pressing from protections" had its plenary
significance too.
Lovers of prints who are familiar with Hogarth's "Stage Coach; or,
a Country Inn Yard," date 1747, will readily recall the two
"outsides"--the one a down-in-the-mouth soldier, the other a jolly
Jack-tar on whose bundle may be read the word "Centurion." Now the
_Centurion_ was Anson's flag-ship, and in this print Hogarth has
incidentally recorded the fact that her crew, on their return from that
famous voyage round the world, were awarded life-protections from the
press. [Footnote: _Admiralty Records_ 1. 1440--Capt. Anson, 24 July
1744.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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