The Press-Gang Afloat and AshoreHutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
History
The Press-Gang Afloat and Ashore
Hutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
Great Britain -- History, Naval; Impressment
Even with the powder beyond reproach, ships did not always obey the
summons, peremptory though it was. One pretended not to hear it, or to
misunderstand it, or to believe it was meant for some other craft, and
so held stolidly on her course, vouchsafing no sign till a second shot,
fired point-blank, but at a safe elevation, hurtled across her decks and
brought her to her senses. Another, perhaps some well-armed Levantine
trader or tall Indiaman whose crew had little mind to strike their
colours submissively at the behest of a midget press-smack, would pipe
to quarters and put up a stiff fight for liberty and the dear delights
of London town--a fight from which the tender, supposing her to have
accepted the gage of battle, rarely came off victor. Or the challenged
ship, believing herself to be the faster craft of the two, clapped on
all sail, caught an opportune "slatch of wind," and showed her pursuer
a clean pair of heels, the tender's guns meanwhile barking away at her
until she passed out of range. These were incidents in the chapter of
pressing afloat which every tender's commander was familiar with. Back
of them all lay a substantial fact, and on that he relied for his supply
of men. There was somehow a magic in the boom of a naval gun that
had its due effect upon most ship-masters. They brought-to, however
reluctantly, and awaited the pleasure of the gang. But the sailor had
still to be reckoned with.
In order to invest the business of taking the sailor with some semblance
of legality, it was necessary that the commander of the tender, in whose
name the press-warrant was made out, or one of his two midshipmen, each
of whom usually held a similar warrant, should conduct the proceedings
in person; and the first duty of this officer, on setting foot upon the
deck of the vessel held up in the manner just described, was to order
her entire company to be mustered for his inspection. If the master
proved civil, this preliminary passed off quickly and with no more
confusion than was incidental to a general and hasty rummaging of
sea-chests and lockers in search of those magic protections on which
hung the immediate destiny of every man in the ship, excepting only the
skipper, his mate and that privileged person, the boatswain. The muster
effected, the officer next subjected each protection to the closest
possible scrutiny, for none who knew the innate trickery of seamen
would ever "take their words for it." [Footnote: _Admiralty Records_ 1.
1482--Capt. Boscawen, 20 March 1745-6.] Men who had no protections,
men whose papers bore evident traces of "coaxing" or falsification,
men whose appearance and persons failed to tally exactly with the
description there written down--these were set apart from their more
fortunate messmates, to be dealt with presently. To their ranks were
added others whose protections had either expired or were on the point
of expiry, as well as skulkers who sought to evade His Majesty's press
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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