Forty to ninety feet in height, occasionally higher. Three to five feet in diameter. Fine shape, sometimes suggests elm. Fruit or "maple-key" with long, stiff, more than right-angled wings ripens in early summer. Leaves whitish beneath, turn showing yellow, but little or no red, in autumn. Color, Appearance, or Grain of Wood. Heartwood reddish brown, sapwood ivory-white, fine grain, compact structure. Fibres sometimes twisted, waved, or curly. Structural Qualities of Wood. Light, brittle, easily worked, moderately strong; receives high polish. Not durable when exposed. Representative Uses of Wood. Woodenware, turned work, interior decoration, flooring, fuel. Weight of Seasoned Wood in Pounds per Cubic Foot. 32. Modulus of Elasticity. 1,570,000. Modulus of Rupture. 14,400. Remarks. Waved, spiral, or curly figure pronounced in this species, very real resemblance to lights and shadows on planed surfaces. Small quantities of sugar present in sap, occasionally utilized. [p044] RED MAPLE, SWAMP MAPLE. _Acer rubrum Linn._ Nomenclature. (Sudworth.) Red Maple, Swamp Maple (local and common names). Soft Maple (Vt., Mass., N. Y., Va., Miss., Mo., Kans., Neb., Minn.). Water Maple (Miss., La., Tex., Ky., Mo.). White Maple (Me., N. H.). Red Flower (N. Y.). Locality. New Brunswick and Florida, westward intermittently to Dakota and Texas. Wide range. Features of Tree. Sixty to eighty feet and more in height, two and one-half to four feet in diameter. Red twigs and flowers in early spring. Color, Appearance, or Grain of Wood. Heartwood brown tinged with red, sapwood lighter, close-grained, compact structure. Red blossoms, twigs, and stems. Leaves turn scarlet in autumn. Structural Qualities of Wood. Easily worked, heavy, hard, not strong, elastic, qualities between those of silver and sugar maple. Representative Uses of Wood. Largely used in cabinet-making, turnery, woodenware, gun-stocks, etc. Weight of Seasoned Wood in Pounds per Cubic Foot. 38. Modulus of Elasticity. 1,340,000. Modulus of Rupture. 15,000. Remarks. Occasionally shows "curly" figure. Trees are occasionally tapped and small quantities of sugar are obtained from the sap. [p045] OREGON MAPLE. _Acer macrophyllum Pursh._ Nomenclature. (Sudworth.) Oregon Maple (Oreg., Wash.). White Maple (Oreg., Wash.). Maple (Calif.). Broad-leaved Maple (Central Calif., Willamette Valley, Oreg.). Locality. Alaska to California. Best in rich bottom lands of southern Oregon. Features of Tree. Seventy to one hundred feet in height, three to five feet in diameter. Beautiful appearance. Color, Appearance, or Grain of Wood. Reddish brown, sapwood whitish, close-grained, compact structure, occasionally figured. Structural Qualities. Light, hard, strong; receives polish. Representative Uses of Wood. Locally used for tool-handles, turned work, and furniture.