_l._ Northern Pine, Scotch Pine, Dantzic Pine (Pinus sylvestris) 145 KAURI PINE (Dammara). Section 29. Descriptive. Structural and Physical Characteristics. "Kauri Gum," etc. 146 _a._ Kauri Pine (Dammara australis) 147 SPRUCE (Picea). Section 30. Localities. Structural and Physical Peculiarities. Commercial Divisions. Botanical Characteristics 148 _a._ Black Spruce (Picea nigra) 150 _b._ Red Spruce (Picea rubens) 150 _c._ White Spruce (Picea alba) 151 _d._ White Spruce (Picea engelmanni) 152 _e._ Sitka Spruce (Picea sitchensis) 153 DOUGLAS SPRUCE (Pseudotsuga). Section 31. Great Size of Trees. Localities. Structural and Physical Peculiarities of Wood. Botanical Characteristics 154 _a._ Douglas or Red Spruce or Fir (Pseudotsuga taxifolia) 155 FIR (Abies). Section 32. Sources of Supply. Structural and Physical Characteristics. Confusion of Names. Botanical Characteristics 156 _a._ Balsam Fir (Abies balsamea) 157 _b._ Great Silver Fir (Abies grandis) 158 _c._ White Fir (Abies concolor) 159 _d._ Red Fir (Abies magnifica) 160 _e._ Red Fir. Noble Fir (Abies nobilis) 161 HEMLOCK (Tsuga). Section 33. Distribution. Structural and Physical Peculiarities of Wood. Botanical Characteristics 162 _a._ Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) 163 _b._ Western Hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) 163 LARCH; TAMARACK (Larix). Section 34. Historical. Sources. Structural and Physical Peculiarities. Botanical Characteristics 164 _a._ Larch, Tamarack (Larix americana) 165 _b._ Larch, Tamarack (Larix occidentalis) 166 CEDAR (Cedrus, Thuya, Chamæcyparis, Libocedrus, Juniperus). Section 35. Confusion of Names. Historical. Structural and Physical Peculiarities of Wood. Uses. Commercial Divisions, etc. 167 _a._ Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana) 169 _b._ Juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) 170 _c._ White Cedar, Arborvitæ (Thuya occidentalis) 171 _d._ Canoe Cedar, Arborvitæ, Giant Arborvitæ (Thuya plicata) 172 _e._ White Cedar (Chamæcyparis thyoides) 173