Transcriber’s Notes Text _between underscores_ and =between equal signs= represent texts printed in italics and in bold face, respectively. Small capitals have been replaced with ALL CAPITALS. More Transcriber’s Notes may be found at the end of this text. THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF MODERN SURGERY BY ROSWELL PARK, A.M., M.D., LL.D. (YALE) PROFESSOR OF THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF SURGERY AND OF CLINICAL SURGERY IN THE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF BUFFALO, BUFFALO, NEW YORK; MEMBER OF THE GERMAN, ITALIAN AND FRENCH SURGICAL SOCIETIES; EX-PRESIDENT OF THE AMERICAN SURGICAL ASSOCIATION AND OF THE MEDICAL SOCIETY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK; SURGEON TO THE BUFFALO GENERAL HOSPITAL, ETC. WITH 722 ENGRAVINGS AND 60 FULL-PAGE PLATES IN COLORS AND MONOCHROME [Illustration] LEA BROTHERS & CO. PHILADELPHIA AND NEW YORK 1907 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1907, by LEA BROTHERS & CO. in the Office of the Librarian of Congress. All rights reserved. PREFACE. A new work on Surgery enters a field of literature already rich in excellent books differing widely in plan and viewpoint. Fortunately nothing else is possible in representing so vast a subject, for it is obviously advantageous that the reader should have the benefit of the personal equation of his author as reflected in his knowledge, experience, and assimilation from the writings of others. When Surgery can be represented by a conventional and well-settled type of book it will have ceased to advance. There is still room for many a serious effort to place the subject before students and practitioners in a way to instruct from the beginning through to the operative and postoperative treatment. This has been the object of the present volume, upon which the author has brought to bear the experience of many years as a teacher and surgeon, and into which he has also endeavored to infuse the most advanced knowledge gleaned from the surgical literature of America and Europe. To the extent of the author’s ability the work therefore represents the _net_ Surgery of to-day, obsolete and obsolescent material having been excluded, and the pages being devoted to sound principles and practice, stated as clearly and succinctly as possible. The author has been free to employ illustrations wherever a point could be so explained to the eye. In the pictorial department utility and effectiveness have been considered of more importance than extreme and unusual cases. Simple drawings and even diagrams are often most instructive, and such have been accordingly liberally used.