In _man_ the disease occurs usually as the so-called _malignant pustule_, or _woolsorters’ disease_, the latter name being given because of the liability of those individuals who come in contact with the carcasses and hides of diseased animals or their immediate products. The _period of incubation is brief_--on the average two or three days. The first lesion appears usually on the face, hands, or arms, and is characterized by local discomfort with formation of a small papule, which rapidly becomes a vesicle with an areola of cellulitis about it. This is rapidly followed by induration and infiltration, and these by local gangrene, the result being the separation of a core-like mass, similar to that of carbuncle. The affected area is usually discolored, often quite black. The process is not usually accompanied by suppuration, nor is there the pain of true carbuncle. The lesions tend to spread peripherally, but there is more or less vesication of the surrounding skin. On account of the local ischemia there will always be edema of the affected region, and sometimes the swelling and local disturbance become extreme. These peculiar lesions have given rise to the common name _malignant pustule_, which is well deserved. At last a line of demarcation becomes manifest, and if the disease progresses favorably the included area is sloughed out, leaving a surface which it is hoped will soon become covered with reasonably healthy granulations. Absence of pain, and usually of pus, are significant features of anthrax. Should mixed infection occur, however, we are likely to see pus formation. When the disease partakes less of the characteristics of malignant pustule and more of a general infection, the local symptoms may not predominate, but, on the contrary, septic indications may become serious and even fatal. The evidence of more or less toxemia is usually at hand, however, and the toxin of anthrax is almost as destructive of muscle cell integrity as is that of diphtheria. The local lesions may be single or multiple, but will be met with almost always upon exposed areas of the body. =Postmortem Appearances.=--These will depend upon the clinical course of the disease. In the sloughing tissues the bacilli are very numerous, while around the margin more than one bacterial form will probably be met--_i. e._, mixed infection. Should saprophytic organisms complicate the case, they may have replaced the anthrax bacilli by the time the examination is made. The latter abound, however, in the blood, and may usually be found occluding the capillaries of the liver, spleen, kidney, etc. In intestinal infection, particularly in animals, the mesenteric nodes are involved. Inasmuch as septic features accompany all fatal cases, putrefaction will be found to begin early, and the changes in the blood and the gross changes in the other organs will resemble sepsis rather than anthrax.