The principles and practice of modern surgeryPark, Roswell
Science
The principles and practice of modern surgery
Park, Roswell
Surgery
When skin lesions are clustered, as in the macular and papular forms,
they usually group themselves symmetrically and in more or less
circular outline. When, however, they are too regularly arranged, it
may be taken as evidence of their older and more relapsing character.
The later skin lesions of syphilis differ in several respects from the
earlier. They are less regularly grouped; they involve a greater depth
of tissue; they tend to ulcerate and to leave permanent scars; and they
have around them a more infiltrated area, probably because they are
deeper. They are, however, not so infectious as the earlier lesions,
and it is rare that they are of serious menace to others. (See Plates
VIII, IX, X.)
Fordyce and others have pointed out that the prompt and specific
influence of mercury and even of iodine upon these eruptions is an
instance of the selective action of certain drugs, and nothing could be
more conspicuous in demonstrating it.
Certain types of syphilide are common in the earlier stages and others
in the later; there may be a well-defined limit between the two, since
in not a few instances all types seem to be combined.
The first eruption of so-called secondary syphilis assumes the
erythematous or macular type, and has been referred to as _roseola
syphilitica_. It appears as a generalized eruption, in spots varying
from 0.5 to 1 Cm. in size, which are of a vivid color and scarcely
elevated above the surface. It commences usually upon the abdomen,
proceeds to the chest, and then to the extremities. It does not often
appear upon the face. Two or three weeks may be consumed in its
generalization over the entire body. If let alone it has a duration of
a few days to several weeks, and may then fade away, leaving nothing to
indicate its presence save a slight pigmentation.
Of more pronounced character is the _papular_ eruption, which commences
as a small papule, and is described as _lenticulopapular_ and _miliary
papular_. At first these are generalized, then become circumscribed,
and exhibit transition forms from the early to the later type of
lesions. The papules vary in size from that of a millet-seed to that
of a split pea; even this type may disappear without ulceration or
suppuration.
Lichen planus may be mistaken for papular syphilide, but may be
distinguished from it by intense itching and by lack of the pigment
changes which characterize the syphilide.
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