The principles and practice of modern surgeryPark, Roswell
Science
The principles and practice of modern surgery
Park, Roswell
Surgery
The _squamous syphilide_ is sometimes a continuance of the papular,
and sometimes it begins as such. It is characterized by a variety of
scaly macules and papules, which strikingly resemble the lesions of
psoriasis. The latter are seldom seen on the palms and soles, while
the squamous syphilide is very frequently seen in these locations.
Moreover, along with the squamous lesions are frequently associated
other skin lesions, which give the case a complex type, resembling
at one point one of the non-specific affections, and others at other
points. Such changes are mainly expressions of various stages in the
involution or degeneration of the papule, but they may give the case a
variegated appearance, in which pigmentation may be prominent.
Some years ago Biett described a form of syphilide which he claimed
was unmistakable and indicative. Since he described the lesion it has
been known as _Biett’s collarette_. It appears in from ten to twenty
weeks after the secondary symptoms are fully declared, is superficial,
usually situated upon the trunk and extremities, but never upon the
palms or soles. It consists of a flat papule almost level with the
skin, 1 to 2 Cm. in diameter, rounded in contour, while around it there
is seen a zone of white epidermal scales pretty sharply defined and
giving it the name of collarette. The area within is dry and painless,
and the ring itself narrow. There is little or no itching. It may be
followed by some other skin lesion. The lesion is often so mild as to
pass unnoticed.
At other times _pustulocrustaceous syphilides_ will appear above the
level of the skin, surrounded by a series of narrow concentric rings,
not scaly, but composed of a number of small pustules, the first ring
being perhaps an inch from the centre of the inner lesion. This is seen
more often in males than in females, and it seems as though the smaller
pustules were the result of an auto-infection of ordinary pyogenic
character. In the presence of either of these lesions a positive
diagnosis of syphilis can be made.
The _pustular syphilide_ may give rise to large or small pustules,
which soon become superficial ulcers, often irregular in shape, with
an unhealthy floor which may be livid or gangrenous, or may resemble a
diphtheritic lesion, while from its surface exudes a mixture of blood,
debris, and pus, which dries into dark-colored crusts and constitutes
the lesion known as _ecthyma_. These lesions are often deceptive, since
while scabbing seems to be occurring over the surface the ulceration
may be extending beneath. This is an intermediate or earlier tertiary
rather than a secondary lesion.
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