The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2)James, William
Science
The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2)
James, William
Psychology
"We must distinguish _roomy_ from superficial, as well as distinctly
from indistinctly bounded, sensations. The dark which with closed eyes
one sees before one is, for example, a roomy sensation. We do not
see a black surface like a wall in front of us, but a space filled
with darkness, and even when we succeed in seeing this darkness as
terminated by a black wall there still remains in front of this wall
the dark space. The same thing happens when we find ourselves with
open eyes in an absolutely dark room. This sensation of darkness
is also vaguely bounded. An example of a distinctly bounded roomy
sensation is that of a clear and colored fluid seen in a glass; the
yellow of the wine is seen not only on the bounding surface of the
glass; the yellow sensation fills the whole interior of the glass. By
day the so-called empty space between us and objects seen appears very
different from what it is by night. The increasing darkness settles
not only upon the things but also _between_ us and the things, so as
at last to cover them completely and fill the space alone. If I look
into a dark box I find it _filled_ with darkness, and this is seen
not merely as the dark-colored sides or walls of the box. A shady
corner in an otherwise well-lighted room is full of a darkness which
is not only _on_ the walls and floor but _between_ them in the space
they include. Every sensation is there where I experience it, and if
I have it at once at every point of a certain roomy space, it is then
a voluminous sensation. A cube of transparent green glass gives us a
spatial sensation; an opaque cube painted green, on the contrary, only
sensations of surface."[146]
_There are certain quasi-motor sensations in the head_ when we change
the direction of the attention, which equally seem to involve three
dimensions. If with closed eyes we think of the top of the house and
then of the cellar, of the distance in front of us and then of that
behind us, of space far to the right and then far to the left, we have
something far stronger than an idea,--an actual feeling, namely, as
if something in the head moved into another direction. Fechner was, I
believe, the first to publish any remarks on these feelings. He writes
as follows:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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