The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2)James, William
Science
The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2)
James, William
Psychology
From this it would appear
that glass is a bad conductor of sensation, or at any rate of the
sensation specially connected with this sense. When objects below the
face are perceived, the sensation seems to come in an oblique line
from the object to the upper part of the face. While walking with a
friend in Forest Lane, Stratford, I said, pointing to a fence which
separated the road from a field, 'Those rails are not quite as high
as my shoulder.' He looked at them, and said they were higher. We,
however, measured, and found them about three inches lower than my
shoulder. At the time of making this observation I was about four feet
from the rails. Certainly in this instance facial perception was more
accurate than sight. When the lower part of a fence is brickwork, and
the upper part rails, the fact can be detected, and the line where the
two meet easily perceived. Irregularities in height, and projections
and indentations in walls, can also be discovered."
According to Mr. Levy, this power of seeing with the face is diminished
by a fog, but not by ordinary darkness. At one time he could tell when
a cloud obscured the horizon, but he has now lost that power, which
he has known several persons to possess who are totally blind. These
effects of aqueous vapor suggest immediately that fluctuations in the
heat radiated by the objects may be the source of the perception. One
blind gentleman, Mr. Kilburne, an instructor in the Perkins Institution
in South Boston, who has the power spoken of in an unusual degree,
proved, however, to have no more delicate a sense of temperature in
his face than ordinary persons. He himself supposed that his ears had
nothing to do with the faculty until a complete stoppage of them,
not only with cotton but with putty on top of it, by abolishing the
perception entirely, proved his first impression to be erroneous. Many
blind men say immediately that their ears are concerned in the matter.
Sounds certainly play a far more prominent part in the mental life
of the blind than in our own. In taking a walk through the country,
the mutations of sound, far and near, constitute their chief delight.
And to a great extent their imagination of distance and of objects
moving from one distant spot to another seems to consist in thinking
how a certain sonority would be modified by the change of place. It is
unquestionable that the semi-circular-canal feelings play a great part
in defining the points of the compass and the direction of distant
spots, in the blind as in us. We _start_ towards them by feelings
of this sort; and so many directions, so many different-feeling
starts.[205]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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