The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2)James, William
Science
The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2)
James, William
Psychology
If a lot of such local signs all have any quality which evenly augments
as we pass from one to the other, we can arrange them in an ideal
serial order, in which any one local sign must lie below those with
more, above those with less, of the quality in question. It must divide
the series into two parts,--unless indeed it have a maximum or minimum
of the quality, when it either begins or ends it.
Such an ideal series of local signs in the mind is, however, not yet
identical with the feeling of a line in space. Touch a dozen points on
the skin _successively_, and there seems no necessary reason why the
notion of a definite line should emerge, even though we be strongly
aware of a gradation of quality among the touches. We may of course
symbolically arrange them in a line in our thought, but we can always
distinguish between a line symbolically thought and a line directly
felt.
But note now the peculiarity of the nerve-processes of all these local
signs: though they may give no line when excited successively, when
excited _together_ they do give the actual sensation of a line in
space. The sum of them is the neural process of that line; the sum of
their feelings is the feeling of that line; and if we begin to single
out particular points from the line, and notice them by their rank, it
is impossible to see how this rank can _appear_ except as an actual
fixed space-position sensibly felt as a bit of the total line. The
scale itself appearing as a line, rank in it must appear as a definite
part of the line. If the seven notes of an octave, when heard together,
appeared to the sense of hearing as an outspread _line_ of sound--which
it is needless to say they do not--why then no one note could be
discriminated without being localized, according to its pitch, _in_ the
line, either as one of its extremities or as some part between.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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