The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2)James, William
Science
The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2)
James, William
Psychology
In many cases it is easy to compare the psychic results of the
sensational with those of the perceptive process. We then see a marked
difference in the way in which the impressed portions of the object
are felt, in consequence of being cognized along with the reproduced
portion, in the higher state of mind. Their sensible quality changes
under our very eye. Take the already-quoted catch, _Pas de lieu Rhône
que nous_: one may read this over and over again without recognizing
the sounds to be identical with those of the words _paddle your own
canoe_. As we seize the English meaning the sound itself appears to
change. Verbal sounds are usually perceived with their meaning at the
moment of being heard. Sometimes, however, the associative irradiations
are inhibited for a few moments (the mind being preoccupied with other
thoughts) whilst the words linger on the ear as mere echoes of acoustic
sensation. Then, usually, their interpretation suddenly occurs. But at
that moment one may often surprise a change in the very _feel_ of the
word. Our own language would sound very different to us if we heard it
without understanding, as we hear a foreign tongue. Rises and falls of
voice, odd sibilants and other consonants, would fall on our ear in
a way of which we can now form no notion. Frenchmen say that English
sounds to them like the _gazouillement des oiseaux_--an impression
which it certainly makes on no native ear. Many of us English would
describe the sound of Russian in similar terms. All of us are conscious
of the strong inflections of voice and explosives and gutturals of
German speech in a way in which no German can be conscious of them.
This is probably the reason why, if we look at an isolated printed word
and repeat it long enough, it ends by assuming an entirely unnatural
aspect. Let the reader try this with any word on this page. He will
soon begin to wonder if it can possibly be the word he has been using
all his life with that meaning. It stares at him from the paper like
a glass eye, with no speculation in it. Its body is indeed there, but
its soul is fled. It is reduced, by this new way of attending to it,
to its sensational nudity. We never before attended to it in this
way, but habitually got it clad with its meaning the moment we caught
sight of it, and rapidly passed from it to the other words of the
phrase. We apprehended it, in short, with a cloud of associates, and
thus perceiving it, we felt it quite otherwise than as we feel it now
divested and alone.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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