under direct Roman administration, it is to this epoch in particular that the erection of it in a certain measure belongs. [Sidenote: Last conflicts in the three Gauls.] How the rest of Gaul came into the power of Rome has been already narrated (iv. 240 ff.) {iv. 230 f.} Before Caesar's Gallic war the rule of the Romans extended approximately as far as Toulouse, Vienne, and Geneva; after it, as far as the Rhine throughout its course, and the coasts of the Atlantic Ocean on the north as on the west. This subjugation, it is true, was probably not complete, in the north-west perhaps not much less superficial than that of Britain (iv. 296) {iv. 283.}. Yet we are informed of supplemental wars, in the main, merely as regards the districts of Iberian nationality. To the Iberians belonged not merely the southern but also the northern slope of the Pyrenees, with the country lying in front, Bearn, Gascony, and western Languedoc[38]; and it has already been mentioned (p. 63) that when north-western Spain was sustaining the last conflicts with the Romans, there was also on the north side of the Pyrenees, and beyond doubt in connection therewith, serious fighting, at first on the part of Agrippa in the year 716 {38.}, then on the part of Marcus Valerius Messalla, the well-known patron of the Roman poets, who in the year 726 or 727 {28 or 27.}, and thus nearly at the same time with the Cantabrian war, vanquished the Aquitanians in a pitched battle in the old Roman territory not far from Narbonne. In respect of the Celts nothing further is mentioned than that, shortly before the battle of Actium, the Morini in Picardy were overthrown; and, although during the twenty years of almost uninterrupted civil war our reporters may have lost sight of the comparatively insignificant affairs of Gaul, the silence of the list of triumphs--here complete--shows at any rate that no further military undertakings of importance took place in the land of the Celts during this period. [Sidenote: Insurrections.] [Sidenote: Under Tiberius.]