[Footnote 210: The identification of the child with its grandparent is of course not without effect upon the mind of the child himself, where it is reinforced by a variety of other motives, such as:--the wish to become the parent of his own parent (_i. e._ the corresponding notion to that in the mind of the child's parent which we have just been considering), the wish to dispense with his parent (_cp._ p. 109), the projection on to the grandparent of the grandiose ideas formerly entertained with regard to the parent (_cp._ p. 55), and finally the results of the happy relationship that often exists between child and grandparent (owing to the fact that the grandparents are as a rule less responsible for the child's upbringing and education and less stern and vigorous in the assertion of their authority). As a consequence there may arise in the child a strong tendency to imitate the grandparents--a tendency that may constitute an important factor in moulding the child's beliefs, attitudes, desires, and occupations. _Cp._ Ernest Jones, "Papers on Psycho-Analysis," 652, ff.] [Footnote 211: "Die Couvade und die Psychogenese der Vergeltungsfurcht." _Imago_, 1914, III.] [Footnote 212: As an example of an attitude obviously akin to one of the main tendencies underlying the Couvade--a desire to inflict pain upon the mother--we may mention the strong objection that was originally taken to the use of anaesthetics in midwifery, on the ground that the suffering of pain in childbirth was a just punishment for sin and that it was therefore ethically undesirable to seek to do away with or abate this pain.] [Footnote 213: For these reasons it would seem very undesirable to tamper to any appreciable extent with the motives that may impel a man to work for the advantage of his immediate posterity; as would be done for instance, by any prohibition to transmit property to heirs, or by any measure that too greatly diminished the value of such property, such as an excessive death duty. What seems to be to some extent the American ideal of each generation "making good" in their own persons, is of course based mainly on perfectly sound ethical and psychological considerations. There is nothing in these considerations however which is incompatible with the hereditary transmission of wealth or rank. On the contrary, it would seem to be an ennobling and inspiring ideal for each generation to start life at a somewhat higher all-round level--material and moral--than the one before it, each one adding a little to the well-being of the family in body and mind and handing on the improvement to its successor.