1. Situations equally concrete to all VI A children. 2. Graduated difficulties. _a._ As to arithmetical thinking. _b._ As to familiarity with the situation presented. 3. The omission of _a._ Large numbers. _b._ Particular memory requirements. _c._ Catch problems. _d._ All subject matter except whole numbers, fractions, and United States money. The test is purposely so long that only very rarely did any pupil fully complete it in the fifteen minute limit." Credits were given of 1, for each of the first five problems, 1.4, 1.2, and 1.6 respectively for problems 6, 7, and 8, and of 2 for each of the others. Courtis sought to improve the Stone test of problem-solving, replacing it by the two tests reproduced below. ARITHMETIC--Test No. 6. Speed Test--Reasoning #Do not work# the following examples. Read each example through, make up your mind what operation you would use if you were going to work it, then write the name of the operation selected in the blank space after the example. Use the following abbreviations:--"Add." for addition, "Sub." for subtraction, "Mul." for multiplication, and "Div." for division. +-----------+----+ | OPERATION | | |-----------+----| 1. A girl brought a collection of 37 colored postal | | | cards to school one day, and gave away 19 cards to | | | her friends. How many cards did she have left to | | | take home? | | | |-----------+----| 2. Five boys played marbles. When the game was | | | over, each boy had the same number of marbles. If | | | there were 45 marbles altogether, how many did each | | | boy have? | | | |-----------+----| 3. A girl, watching from a window, saw 27 | | | automobiles pass the school the first hour, and | | | 33 the second. How many autos passed by the | | | school in the two hours? | | | |-----------+----| 4. In a certain school there were eight rooms and | | | each room had seats for 50 children. When all the | | | places were taken, how many children were there in | | | the school? | | | |-----------+----| 5. A club of boys sent their treasurer to buy | | | baseballs. They gave him $3.15 to spend.