16. You are commencing to study Arithmetic; and you can read and write in Arithmetic only as you learn the Alphabet and Language of Arithmetic. But little time will be required for this purpose. LESSON II [Illustration: FIG. 6.] 1. If we speak or write words, what do we name them, when taken together? 2. What are you commencing to study? _Ans._ Arithmetic. 3. What Language must you now learn? 4. What do we name this, 1? Why? 5. This figure, 1, is part of the Language of Arithmetic. 6. If I should write something to stand for _Two_--_two_ girls, _two_ kittens, or _two_ things of any kind--what do you think we would name it? 7. A _figure Two_ is written thus: _2._ Make a _figure two_. 8. Why do we name this a _figure two_? 9. This figure two (2) is part of the Language of Arithmetic. 10. In this picture one boy is sitting, playing a flageolet. What is the other boy doing? If the boy standing should sit down by the other, how many boys would be sitting together? One boy and one other boy are how many boys? 11. You see a flageolet and a violin. They are musical instruments. One musical instrument and one other musical instrument are how many? 12. I will write thus: 1 1 2. We say that 1 boy and 1 other boy, counted together, are 2 boys; or are equal to 2 boys. We will now write something to show that the first 1 and the other 1 are to be counted together. 13. We name a line drawn thus, -, a _horizontal line_. Draw such a line. Name it. 14. A line drawn thus, |, we name a _vertical line_. Draw such a line. Name it. 15. Now I will put two such lines together; thus, +. What kind of a line do we name the first (-)? And what do we name the last? (|)? Are these lines long or short? Where do they cross each other? 16. Each of you write thus: -, |, +. 17. This, +, is named _Plus_. _Plus_ means _more_; and + also means _more_. 18. I will write. _One and One More Equal Two._ 19. Now I will write part of this in the Language of Arithmetic. I write the first _One_ thus, 1; then the other _One_ thus, 1. Afterward I write, for the word _More_, thus, +, placing the + between 1 and 1, so that the whole stands thus: 1 + 1. As I write, I say, _One and One more_. 20. Each of you write 1 + 1. Read what you have written. 21. This +, when written between the 1s, shows that they are to be put together, or counted together, so as to make 2. 22. Because + shows what is to be done, it is called a _Sign_. If we take its name, _Plus_, and the word _Sign_, and put both words together, we have _Sign Plus_, or _Plus Sign_. In speaking of this we may call it _Sign Plus_, or _Plus Sign_, or _Plus_. 23. 1, 2, +, are part of the Language of Arithmetic. _Write the following in the Language of Arithmetic_: 24. One and one more. 25. One and two more. 26. Two and one more.