[1] An historical survey of Public Education in Eugene, Oregon, by Prof. Joseph Schafer, QUARTERLY, March, 1901. [2] Letter of C. O. Hosford, January 22, 1903. [3] Letter of C. O. Hosford, January 22, 1903. [4] Ibid. [5] Letter of E. C. Jeffers, February 3, 1903. [6] Interview with Mr. Sam Adair. [7] Interview with Mrs. Mary Leinweber. [8] Interview with Rev. T. H. Hyland and wife. [9] _Marine Gazette_, May 30, 1865. [10] _Weekly Astorian_, December 18, 1876. [11] Interview with Mrs. Young. [12] Interview with Mrs. C. J. Trenchard, _nee_ Miss VanDusen. [13] Interview with Miss Warren. [14] County Superintendent's Record Book No. 1, 1853-1874. [15] Interview with J. M. Welch, and others. [16] Deed Book No. 1, Clatsop County. [17] Interview with J. W. Welch. [18] Interview with F. J. Taylor, and others. [19] History of Oregon and Washington, Northwest Publishing Company, Vol. II, pp. 502-506. [20] Letter of Mrs. W. W. Parker, December 12, 1902. [21] County Superintendent's Record Book No. 1, 1853-1874. [22] _Marine Gazette_, May 30, 1865. [23] Report of County Superintendent W. B. Gray, 1866. [24] Report of State Superintendent to Governor Geo. L. Woods. [25] _Astorian_, July 1, 1873. [26] Letter of Mrs. W. W. Parker, December 12, 1902. [27] _Weekly Astorian_, February 5, 1876. [28] _Weekly Astorian_, December 31, 1878. [29] County Superintendent's Record Book No. 1, 1853-1874. [30] _Weekly Astorian_, April 8, 1876. [31] _Daily Astorian_, April 4, 1882. [32] _Daily Astorian_, April 25, 1882. [33] _Marine Gazette_, May 30, 1865. [34] An eleven-mill tax was levied at the last school meeting. AN OBJECT LESSON IN PATERNALISM Even among those who have devoted their lives to the study of sociological problems, there is much difference of opinion as to the quantitative and qualitative influence of certain social conditions in producing the generally admitted bad or adverse phases of human society. At one time we read that poverty degrades men morally, and we peruse carefully prepared and apparently veracious tables showing that in the older countries there is an unfailing correspondence between criminal statistics and the price of bread; the per cent of offenses against persons and property increasing with the cost of the necessaries of life and diminishing with the amount of human exertion required to obtain them. Such is the generally received opinion of the common people, and we hear from the political platform and see in the publications of reform parties the assertion that it is useless to preach morals to those whose minds are mainly occupied in devising means to keep the wolf from the door.