_See also_ Labor. Rate increases, need of, 219. Regulation of railroads, 4, 235; confusion resulting from present methods, 237; essential and advantageous, 241 ff.; unified, 240. Section boss, the, 62 ff. _See also_ Labor. Standard unit container, a factor in freight traffic, 163. _See also_ Railroads _s. v._ "Possibilities of development." State railroad commissions, ineffectiveness of, 244. Station agent, the, 62 ff., 77 ff. _See also_ Labor. Supervisor, the, 66. _See also_ Labor. Telegraph, value of the, in time of war, 181. Telephone, effectiveness of the, in national crisis, 181. Terminals, development of, 106. Ton-mile, statistics of, 17; unit of traffic, 17. Tonnage-mile costs, 101. _See also_ Labor; Wages. Track foreman, the, 62 ff. _See also_ Labor. Traffic tides and congestion, 217. Trains, legislation regulating length of, 101, 248. Union Pacific Railroad, military value of, 200. Vanderlip, Frank A., 32, n. "Vital area" of country, how served by railroads, 192, 195. Wage adjustments and arbitration, 56 ff. Wages, bonus payments, 97, 102; hour basis, the, 100; maximum and minimum rates of, 240; mile basis, the, 100; "piece-rate" principle, the, 100 ff.; rate of, discussed, 92 ff. _See also_ Labor. Waterways: development of inland, 171; objectionable provisions of navigation law, 172; vessels, need of, 175. Wealth of nation, how affected by railroads, 6. Willard, Daniel, 179, 211. FOOTNOTES: [1] "Not only have the developments of the last fifteen months disclosed the enormous productive capacity of the people and industry of this country, but they have also shown that when it is being fully utilized the facilities of the railroads are not adequate to the demands which it causes to be made upon them. To sum up, then, the industry and commerce of the country grew rapidly throughout the ten years ending in 1907, and almost throughout that period the facilities of the railroads were increased so rapidly that they proved adequate to the demands made upon them. At last, however, the traffic did catch up with the facilities, the result being the great car shortage of 1906-1907. The year 1916, unlike the year 1906, marks the beginning, not the approach of the end, of a period of industrial and commercial activity and growth. There will doubtless be a painful and violent readjustment after the war ends, but there will be another period of industrial expansion after the readjustment is passed.