SIR WILLIAM CORNELIUS VAN HORNE . . . . . . . . . . " 148 From a photograph by Notman. RAILWAYS OF CANADA, 1896 (Map) . . . . . . . . . . . " 180 CANADIAN NORTHERN RAILWAY, 1914 (Map) . . . . . . . " 194 CHARLES MELVILLE HAYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 200 From a photograph by Notman. GRAND TRUNK SYSTEM, 1914 (Map) . . . . . . . . . . . " 218 CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY, 1914 (Map) . . . . . . . . " 224 GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY, 1914 (Map) . . . . . . . . . " 230 RAILWAYS OF CANADA, 1914 (Map) . . . . . . . . . . . " 238 {1} CHAPTER I THE COMING OF THE RAILWAY The Coming of the Railway--The Iron Road--The New Power--Engine and Rail--The Work of the Railway On the morning of October 6, 1829, there began at Rainhill, in England, a contest without parallel in either sport or industry. There were four entries: Braithwaite and Ericsson's _Novelty_. Timothy Hackworth's _Sans-pareil_. Stephenson and Booth's _Rocket_. Burstall's _Perseverance_. These were neither race-horses nor stagecoaches, but rival types of the newly invented steam locomotive. To win the L500 prize offered, the successful engine, if weighing six tons, must be able to draw a load of twenty tons at ten miles an hour, and to cover at least seventy miles a day. Little wonder that an eminent Liverpool merchant declared that only a parcel of charlatans could have devised such a test, and wagered that if a locomotive ever went ten miles an hour, he {2} would eat a stewed engine-wheel for breakfast!